Gelmat: An Ontology for Sol-Gel Materials
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Gelmat: An Ontology for Sol-Gel Materials

Release: 2026-09-14

Modified on: 2026-09-14
This version:
https://w3id.org/gelmat/1.1.0
Revision:
1.1.0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22915205
Authors:
Prakul Pandit, Institute for Frontier Materials on Earth and in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
Antoni Dudij, Institute for Frontier Materials on Earth and in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
Barbara Milow, Institute for Frontier Materials on Earth and in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
Download serialization:
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License:
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-NC-4.0.html
Cite as:
Pandit, P., Dudij, A., & Milow, B. (2026). Gelmat: An Ontology for Sol-Gel Materials (Version 1.1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22915205
Provenance of this page
Ontology Specification Draft

Abstract

Gelmat is an ontology for sol-gel materials. It extends the Polymat domain ontology with classes for sol-gel synthesis processes, gel characterisation methods, drying routes, laboratory equipment, process parameters, and material properties. It enables semantic description and formal documentation of sol-gel and aerogel research workflows, covering silica, organosilica, organic, carbon, and composite sol-gel derived materials.

Gelmat: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Named Individuals

Gelmat: Description back to ToC

Gelmat is an ontology for sol-gel materials. It extends the Polymat ontology (Dembska, Held, Schindler; DLR/Hereon) with classes for sol-gel synthesis routes, gel types, surface modification, drying methods, characterisation methods, process parameters, and material properties. Covers all major sol-gel derived material classes including silica, organosilica, organic, carbon, and composite aerogels.

Cross-reference for Gelmat classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by Gelmat.

Classes

(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/APTES

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

(3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GPTMS

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

1,2-Bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BTMSE

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

4-Point resistance setupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/4PointResistanceSetup

Equipment to measure the electrical impedance by four-terminal sensing (4T sensing, 4-wire sensing, or 4-point probes method) technique that uses separate pairs of current-carrying and voltage-sensing electrodes to make more accurate measurements than the simpler and more usual two-terminal (2T) sensing (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-terminal_sensing)
has super-classes
Electric testing equipment c

Accupycc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Accupyc

A gas pycnometer device for measuring skeletal densities of solid materials using helium displacement.
A gas displacement pycnometer instrument used to measure the skeletal density of solid materials by helium displacement
has super-classes
Instrument c

Acetic acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AceticAcid

has super-classes
Acid catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Acetonec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Acetone

A volatile organic solvent (CH3COCH3) commonly used in solvent exchange for aerogel synthesis due to low surface tension and miscibility with alcohols
The ketone solvent propan-2-one (CH3COCH3), used in solvent exchange during aerogel synthesis owing to its miscibility and volatility
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is disjoint with
Alcohol c, Water c

Acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Acid

A chemical entity capable of donating a proton (Bronsted acid) or accepting an electron pair (Lewis acid). Acids serve as catalysts in many sol-gel processes for aerogel synthesis
A chemical entity capable of donating a proton (Bronsted acid) or accepting an electron pair (Lewis acid)
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Acid catalyst c

Acid Catalysis Pathwayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AcidCatalysisPathway

A gelation pathway realised through acid catalysis: pre-hydrolysis at low pH followed by slow condensation, producing weakly branched polymeric network gels with small, homogeneous pores.
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Acid catalystc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AcidCatalyst

A Bronsted or Lewis acid used specifically as a catalyst in sol-gel hydrolysis and condensation reactions (e.g. HCl, HNO3, acetic acid, oxalic acid). Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state that a substance functions as a catalyst in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a pmat:Catalyst]
An acid employed as a catalyst; in sol-gel processing, promotes hydrolysis of alkoxide precursors under acidic conditions
has super-classes
Acid c
has sub-classes
Acetic acid c, Citric acid c, Hydrofluoric acid c, Nitric acid c, Oxalic acid c

Acid-catalysed gelationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AcidCatalysis

Sol-gel gelation under acid-catalytic conditions (pH < 7). Promotes fast hydrolysis and slower condensation, yielding weakly branched, polymeric gel structures with smaller pores
Gelation performed at pH below 7, where protonation of alkoxide leaving groups accelerates hydrolysis relative to condensation, yielding weakly branched, polymeric gel networks with small pores
has super-classes
Gelation c
is disjoint with
Base-catalysed gelation c, Two-step acid-base catalysis c

Acoustic insulationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AcousticInsulation

Use of a material to attenuate sound transmission, exploiting the low sound velocity in aerogels
The application of a material as a barrier against sound transmission
has super-classes
Application c

Activationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Activation

Physical (CO2, steam) or chemical (KOH, ZnCl2) activation of carbon aerogels at high temperature to develop microporosity and increase surface area
A thermal treatment in which a reactive agent etches microporosity into a carbon material to increase its surface area
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Activation energyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ActivationEnergy

The minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction; used in Arrhenius analysis of gelation kinetics. Typically expressed in kJ/mol
A quantity representing the minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction, obtained in this domain from Arrhenius analysis of gelation kinetics
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has activation energy op

Activityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity

something that occurs over a period of time and acts upon or with entities. It may include consuming, processing, transforming, modifying, relocating, using, or generating entities
has sub-classes
process c
is in domain of
generated op, qualifiedAssociation op, qualifiedUsage op, used op, wasAssociatedWith op
is in range of
wasGeneratedBy op
is disjoint with
Entity c

Adsorptionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Adsorption

Use of a material as sorbent - oil and organic solvent uptake, CO2 capture, water treatment, gas storage
The application of a material as a sorbent for liquids, gases, or dissolved species
has super-classes
Application c

Aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Aerogel

An aerogel is a porous solid material obtained by replacing the liquid phase of a gel with a gas, typically through supercritical drying, while largely retaining the gel’s original network structure.
A porous solid material derived from a gel in which the liquid component has been replaced by a gas without significant collapse of the solid network structure, yielding extremely low density, high porosity, and high specific surface area
has super-classes
Gel c
has sub-classes
Carbon aerogel c, Composite aerogel c, Hybrid aerogel c, Inorganic aerogel c, Organic aerogel c, Polymer aerogel c
is in domain of
has defect op, is aerogel product of op
is in range of
producesAerogel op
is disjoint with
Alcogel c, Hydrogel c, Xerogel c, Ambigel c, Cryogel c, Wet gel c, Xerogel c

Aerogel defectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AerogelDefect

A structural or quality defect borne by an aerogel — a persisting deviation from the intended structure or quality that arises during synthesis or processing. Subclasses denote the defect state (a specifically dependent continuant inhering in the material), not the formation event; the event that produces a defect should be modelled as a process if needed.
A specifically dependent continuant feature of an aerogel material that constitutes a deviation from the intended structure, composition, or quality of the material
has super-classes
Feature c
has sub-classes
Collapsed structure c, Crack c, Macroporosity c, Non-uniform structure c, Opacity c, Residual solvent c, Springback failure c
is in range of
has defect op

Aerogel synthesisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AerogelSynthesis

The complete process of synthesizing aerogels from precursor materials through sol-gel chemistry followed by a drying step. Only sol formation, gelation, and drying are asserted as required parts (owl:someValuesFrom); aging, solvent exchange, and surface modification are common but optional steps that many published syntheses omit, so they carry no existential restriction here — asserting them would make every extracted synthesis without such a step inconsistent under OWL reasoning
The complete multi-step process of producing an aerogel from precursor substances, comprising at minimum sol formation, gelation, and a drying step that preserves pore structure; aging, solvent exchange, and surface modification are frequent optional steps
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Ambient pressure drying aerogel synthesis c
is in domain of
has gelation route op, has molar ratio dp
is disjoint with
Aging c, Gelation c, Sol formation c

Agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Agent

something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity
has sub-classes
Person c
is in range of
agent op, wasAssociatedWith op, wasAttributedTo op
is disjoint with
Instantaneous event c

Agent influencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#AgentInfluence

the capacity of an agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of attribution, association, delegation, or other
has super-classes
Influence c
has sub-classes
Association c, Attribution c
is in domain of
agent op

Agingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Aging

Post-gelation maturation process where the gel network strengthens through continued condensation reactions and Ostwald ripening. Typically performed by keeping the wet gel immersed in solvent at elevated temperature
Post-gelation maturation in which the wet gel is kept immersed in solvent at elevated temperature to strengthen the network via continued condensation reactions, Ostwald ripening, and syneresis, reducing later shrinkage during drying
has super-classes
Creation process c
is in domain of
has aging time dp
is disjoint with
Aerogel synthesis c, Gelation c, Sol formation c

Airc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Air

Ambient air, the oxidising atmosphere of calcination and of ambient pressure drying
The ambient gas mixture of nitrogen and oxygen, used as oxidising process atmosphere
has super-classes
Gas c

Alcogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Alcogel

An alcogel is a gel in which the liquid phase consists mainly of an alcohol or alcohol-rich solvent mixture.
A wet gel in which the liquid pore phase consists primarily of an alcohol or alcohol-rich solvent mixture, formed after solvent exchange from the initial aqueous sol or directly from alkoxide precursors
has super-classes
Wet gel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Hydrogel c

Alcoholc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Alcohol

Any organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups bound to saturated carbon; commonly used as solvent or reagent
An organic compound bearing one or more hydroxyl groups bound to saturated carbon atoms
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Ethanol c, Isopropanol c, Methanol c
is disjoint with
Acetone c, Water c

Alginatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Alginate

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Alkoxide solutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AlkoxideSolution

A solution containing metal alkoxide precursor dissolved in organic solvent, prepared as an intermediate in sol-gel synthesis
A solution of a metal or silicon alkoxide precursor in an organic solvent, prepared as an intermediate in sol-gel synthesis
has super-classes
Substance c

Alumina aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AluminaAerogel

An aerogel with an Al2O3 network, typically from aluminium sec-butoxide (Yoldas route) or AlCl3/epoxide routes; valued for high-temperature stability
A metal oxide aerogel whose solid framework consists of aluminium oxide
has super-classes
Metal oxide aerogel c

Aluminium sec-butoxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AluminiumSecButoxide

has super-classes
Metal alkoxide c
is also defined as
named individual

Ambient pressure dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AmbientPressureDrying

Drying method performed at atmospheric pressure, typically requiring surface modification to prevent capillary collapse
A drying method performed at atmospheric pressure in which capillary collapse is prevented by prior surface silylation of the gel, allowing the hydrophobic network to spring back after compression and recover its pore volume
has super-classes
Drying c
is disjoint with
Freeze drying c, Microwave drying c, Supercritical drying c, Vacuum drying c

Ambient pressure drying aerogel synthesisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/APDAerogelSynthesis

An aerogel synthesis route using ambient pressure drying (APD). Requires a surface modification step (typically silylation with TMCS or HMDS) between solvent exchange and drying to prevent capillary collapse during the drying step
An aerogel synthesis route in which the wet gel is dried at ambient pressure after mandatory surface silylation; avoids high-pressure equipment of supercritical drying by preventing capillary collapse through hydrophobic surface modification
has super-classes
Aerogel synthesis c

Ambigelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Ambigel

A dried gel obtained by ambient pressure (evaporative) drying under conditions that largely preserve the pore network (surface modification, low-surface-tension solvent); intermediate between xerogel and aerogel
A dried gel produced by ambient pressure drying with measures that substantially preserve the mesoporous network
has super-classes
Gel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Cryogel c, Wet gel c, Xerogel c

Ammonium Compoundc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AmmoniumCompound

A compound containing the ammonium cation (NH4+); includes salts and aqueous ammonia species used in catalysis and pH control
A chemical compound containing the ammonium cation (NH4+)
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Ammonium Hydroxide c

Ammonium fluoridec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AmmoniumFluoride

NH4F, a water-soluble fluoride salt used as an additive or etchant; can influence hydrolysis/condensation kinetics in silica sol–gel systems
The water-soluble fluoride salt NH4F, used as an additive that modifies condensation kinetics in silica sol-gel systems
has super-classes
Fluoride Salt c

Ammonium Hydroxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AmmoniumHydroxide

Aqueous ammonia solution (NH3·H2O) commonly referred to as ammonium hydroxide; provides basic conditions and acts as a base catalyst in sol–gel reactions
An aqueous solution of ammonia that provides basic conditions and acts as a base catalyst in sol-gel reactions
has super-classes
Ammonium Compound c

Amount of substance concentrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/AmountOfSubstanceConcentration

A measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular, of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_concentration)
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Sol concentration c

Anionic polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/AnionicPolymerisation

An ionic polymerisation in which the active centers are anionic (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000636)
has super-classes
Chain growth polymerisation c

Annotated datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/AnnotatedData

Experimental data with additional information or labels assigned to them
has super-classes
Data type c

Apparatusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Apparatus

A thing designed to carry out a particular task or activity during experiment (e.g. containing a chemical reaction, measuring liquids), not plugged into an electrical source, not a machine
has super-classes
Device c
has sub-classes
Erlenmeyer flask c, Membrane chamber c, Mold c

Applicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Application

An intended or demonstrated use of a material. Modelled as a BFO realizable entity borne by the material and linked from it with gmat:hasApplication
A realizable entity representing an intended or demonstrated field of use of a material
has super-classes
realizable entity c
has sub-classes
Acoustic insulation c, Adsorption c, Catalyst support c, Drug delivery c, Electrode c, Thermal insulation c
is in range of
has application op

Argonc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Argon

has super-classes
Gas c
is also defined as
named individual

Arithmeticc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Arithmetic

Calculations involving the traditional operations on numbers (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, extraction of roots).
has super-classes
Calculation c

Arrhenius pre-exponential factorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ArrheniusConstant

The pre-exponential factor (A) in the Arrhenius equation k = A·exp(−Ea/RT), representing the frequency of molecular collisions with correct orientation. Units match the rate constant (e.g., s⁻¹ for first-order reactions)
A quantity representing the pre-exponential factor A in the Arrhenius equation, reflecting the frequency of correctly oriented molecular collisions
has super-classes
Quantity c

Associationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Association

an assignment of responsibility to an agent for an activity, indicating that the agent had a role in the activity
has super-classes
Agent influence c
is in domain of
hadRole op
is in range of
qualifiedAssociation op

Atom transfer radical polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ATRPPolymerisation

A living polymerisation process where the chain initiation and chain propagation steps are atom transfer radical addition reactions. Often the atom transfer involves a radical halogen atom and the reaction is catalysed by a transition metal species (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000684)
has super-classes
Radical polymerisation c

Atomic force microscopec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/AtomicForceMicroscope

A microscope which uses a sharp spike tip mounted on the end of a cantilever to scan the surface of the specimen; an image of the surface is obtained by mechanically moving the probe in a raster scan of the specimen, line by line, and recording the force experienced by the tip as a function of position; a feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the tip and surface during scanning (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0000954)
has super-classes
Microscope c

Attributionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Attribution

the ascribing of an entity to an agent
has super-classes
Agent influence c
is in range of
qualifiedAttribution op

Authorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Author

The originator or creator of a work
has super-classes
Role c

Basec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Base

A Bronsted base capable of accepting a proton. Bases serve as catalysts for condensation reactions in sol-gel processing (e.g. ammonium hydroxide, ammonium fluoride, sodium hydroxide)
A chemical entity capable of accepting a proton (Bronsted base) or donating an electron pair (Lewis base)
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Base Catalyst c

Base Catalysis Pathwayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BaseCatalysisPathway

A gelation pathway realised through base catalysis: fast condensation relative to hydrolysis at high pH, producing highly branched colloidal aggregation networks with larger pore sizes.
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Base Catalystc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BaseCatalyst

A class of chemical substances that provide basic conditions or catalyze base-mediated reactions (e.g., deprotonation, nucleophilic activation) in a process. Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state that a substance functions as a catalyst in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a pmat:Catalyst]
A base employed as a catalyst; in sol-gel processing, promotes condensation reactions under basic conditions
has super-classes
Base c
has sub-classes
Sodium carbonate c, Sodium hydroxide c

Base-catalysed gelationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BaseCatalysis

Sol-gel gelation under basic conditions (pH > 7). Promotes fast condensation and slower hydrolysis, yielding highly branched, colloidal cluster networks with larger pore sizes
Gelation performed at pH above 7, where hydroxide ions catalyse condensation faster than hydrolysis, yielding highly branched, colloidal cluster-cluster aggregation networks with larger pore sizes
has super-classes
Gelation c
is disjoint with
Acid-catalysed gelation c

Beadsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Beads

Small spherical or granule-shaped material geometry, often produced by dropping sol into a bath or dispersion.
A sample geometry consisting of small spherical or granular pieces, often produced by dropping a sol into a bath or dispersion
has super-classes
Geometry c
is disjoint with
Dog Bone c, Monolith c, Slab c

BET analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BETAnalysis

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis for determining specific surface area from gas adsorption isotherms
A porosity measurement in which specific surface area is determined from a gas adsorption isotherm using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model
has super-classes
Porosity measurement c
is disjoint with
BJH analysis c

Biopolymer aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BioAerogel

An aerogel derived from biological materials such as cellulose, chitosan, alginate, or proteins
A polymer aerogel derived from biopolymers such as cellulose, chitosan, alginate, or proteins
has super-classes
Polymer aerogel c

Biopolymer precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BiopolymerPrecursor

A natural polymer (polysaccharide or protein) that forms a bio-aerogel network by physical or ionic gelation: cellulose, nanocellulose, chitosan, alginate, pectin, gelatin, starch
A natural polymer used as the network-forming precursor of a bio-aerogel
has super-classes
Precursor c
has sub-classes
Alginate c, Cellulose c, Chitosan c, Gelatin c, Pectin c, Starch c

BJH analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BJHAnalysis

Barrett-Joyner-Halenda analysis for determining pore size distribution from gas desorption isotherms
A porosity measurement in which pore size distribution is determined from a gas desorption isotherm using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda model
has super-classes
Porosity measurement c
is disjoint with
BET analysis c

Block copolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/BlockCopolymer

A polymer which is composed of two or more blocks of homopolymers in a linear sequence. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53511)
has super-classes
Copolymer c

Boiling pointc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/BoilingPoint

The temperature at which a liquid experiences a phase transition or aggregation state change into the gas phase
has super-classes
Temperature c

Buildingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Building

An enclosed construction with walls and roof
has super-classes
Physical location c

Bulk densityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BulkDensity

The mass of a porous body divided by its envelope (geometric) volume, including the pore space. The most commonly reported density of aerogels, typically 1-500 kg/m3 (0.001-0.5 g/cm3) for silica aerogels; determined geometrically or by envelope (powder displacement) pycnometry
The density of a porous material computed over its envelope volume, i.e. including both the solid skeleton and the gas-filled pore space
has super-classes
Density c
is in range of
has bulk density op
is disjoint with
Skeletal density c, Tap density c

Bulk density measurementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BulkDensityMeasurement

Determination of bulk (envelope) density (gmat:BulkDensity), usually geometrically from mass and dimensions of a regular monolith, or by envelope (powder displacement) pycnometry (e.g. GeoPyc)
An analysis that determines the envelope density of a sample from its mass and envelope volume
has super-classes
Analysis c

Calcinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Calcination

Thermal treatment in air or oxygen to remove organic residues, dehydroxylate, or crystallise metal oxide networks (e.g. amorphous titania to anatase)
A thermal treatment in oxidising atmosphere that removes organics or induces crystallisation in oxide materials
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Calculationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Calculation

The process of finding an amount or number using mathematics.
has super-classes
process c
has sub-classes
Arithmetic c, Fitting c, Modelling c

Carbon aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonAerogel

An aerogel with a purely carbonaceous framework, produced by pyrolysis of an organic precursor aerogel (e.g. resorcinol-formaldehyde) above 700 °C in inert atmosphere. The pyrolysis destroys all organic bonds, leaving an electrically conductive elemental carbon network. Not subclassed under OrganicAerogel — carbon aerogels contain no C-H bonds
A pyrolysed aerogel whose solid framework consists of elemental (sp² or sp³ hybridised) carbon, distinct from organic aerogels which retain organic polymer backbones
has super-classes
Aerogel c
is disjoint with
Organic aerogel c

Carbon dioxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonDioxide

has super-classes
Gas c
is also defined as
named individual

Carbon fibrec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonFibre

Carbon fibres used as high-temperature-stable, electrically conductive reinforcement in aerogel composites
A carbon fibre used as reinforcement in aerogel composites
has super-classes
Reinforcement c

Carbon nanotubec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonNanotube

has super-classes
Reinforcement c
is also defined as
named individual

Castingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Casting

Pouring the sol into a mould (gmat:Mold) where gelation takes place, defining the geometry (monolith, slab) of the resulting gel
A sample preparation step in which a sol is poured into a mould that defines the shape of the gel formed in it
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Catalystc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change
has super-classes
Role c

Catalyst solutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CatalystSolution

A solution containing catalysts and solvents prepared for mixing with precursor solution to initiate sol-gel reactions
A solution of a catalyst in a solvent, prepared for addition to a precursor solution to initiate or accelerate sol-gel reactions
has super-classes
Substance c

Catalyst supportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CatalystSupport

Use of a high-surface-area material as carrier for catalytically active phases
The application of a material as a carrier for catalytically active species
has super-classes
Application c

Cationic polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CationicPolymerisation

An ionic polymerisation in which the active centers are cationic (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000638)
has super-classes
Chain growth polymerisation c

Cellulosec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Cellulose

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
has sub-classes
Nanocellulose c
is also defined as
named individual

Cellulose fibrec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CelluloseFibre

Cellulosic fibres (pulp, cotton, regenerated cellulose) used as bio-based reinforcement in aerogel composites
A cellulosic fibre used as bio-based reinforcement in aerogel composites
has super-classes
Reinforcement c

Chain growth polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ChainGrowthPolymerisation

A reaction in which the growth of a polymer chain proceeds exclusively by reaction between a monomer and the reactive site on the polymer chain with regeneration of the reactive site at the end of each growth step (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000634)
A polymer synthesis in which chain growth proceeds exclusively by reaction between monomer and a reactive site on the growing chain, with regeneration of the reactive site at each step
has super-classes
Polymer synthesis c
has sub-classes
Anionic polymerisation c, Cationic polymerisation c, Coordination polymerisation c, Radical polymerisation c

Characteristic peak value of EDX spectrumc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CharacteristicPeakValueOfEDXSpectrum

Peak value in an EDX spectrum that is unique for a chemical substance
has super-classes
Quantity c

Characteristic peak value of FTIR spectrumc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CharacteristicPeakValueOfFTIRSpectrum

Peak value in an FTIR spectrum that is unique for a chemical substance
has super-classes
Quantity c

Chemical analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ChemicalAnalysis

The process of identifying, separating and quantifying the components of a sample to understand its nature and composition. (https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/chemistry/chemical-analysis/e)
has super-classes
Analysis c

Chemical entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431

A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances.
has super-classes
Substance c
has sub-classes
Acetone c, Acid c, Alcohol c, Ammonium Compound c, Base c, Crosslinker c, Dimethylformamide c, Drying control chemical additive c, Fluoride Salt c, Fluoride additive c, Gas c, Organosilicon Compound c, Precursor c, Silanol c, Silylation agent c, Surfactant c, Urea c, Water c, n-Heptane c, n-Hexane c, pH adjuster c

Chitosanc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Chitosan

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Citric acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CitricAcid

has super-classes
Acid catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Clayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Clay

Layered clay minerals (montmorillonite, sepiolite, laponite) used as inorganic filler and fire-retardant reinforcement in (bio)polymer aerogel composites
A layered silicate mineral used as filler and reinforcement in aerogel composites
has super-classes
Reinforcement c

Clerkc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Clerk

A person who serves clients performing laboratory duties
has super-classes
Role c

Clientc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Client

A person who receives or buys laboratory service
has super-classes
Role c

CO2 supply systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CO2SupplySystem

System for storing and delivering CO2 for supercritical drying processes
Equipment that stores and delivers carbon dioxide to a supercritical drying process
has super-classes
Equipment c

Coatingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Coating

Applying a covering to the surface of an object (usually referred to as the substrate)
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Coefficient of determinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CoefficientOfDetermination

The coefficient of determination (R²) of a regression fit, quantifying the goodness of fit of a model to experimental data (e.g. an Arrhenius fit of gelation kinetics). Dimensionless, 0-1
A dimensionless statistical quantity (0 ≤ R² ≤ 1) expressing the proportion of variance in observed data explained by a fitted model
has super-classes
Quantity c

Collapsed structurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/StructuralCollapse

The defect state of a collapsed or densified aerogel network, typically caused by capillary forces during improper drying. Denotes the persisting collapsed-structure feature of the material, not the collapse event.
An aerogel defect consisting of a collapsed or densified region of the solid network in which the original porous structure is lost
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c
is disjoint with
Crack c, Residual solvent c, Non-uniform structure c, Opacity c

Composite aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CompositeAerogel

An aerogel containing reinforcing materials or fillers embedded within the aerogel matrix, such as fiber-reinforced aerogels
An aerogel containing reinforcing materials or fillers embedded within the aerogel matrix
has super-classes
Aerogel c
is in domain of
has matrix op, has reinforcement op

Compression testingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CompressionTesting

Measurement of mechanical strength and stress-strain behavior under compressive loads
An analysis that measures the stress-strain behaviour and strength of a material under compressive load
has super-classes
Analysis c
is disjoint with
Hydrophobicity testing c, Optical transmittance measurement c, Skeletal density measurement c, Thermal conductivity testing c

Compressive modulusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CompressiveModulus

The ratio of compressive stress to compressive strain in the elastic region of the stress-strain curve, expressed in kPa or MPa. For aerogels this reflects network stiffness and cross-linking density
The elastic modulus measured under uniaxial compression, equal to the slope of the linear region of the compressive stress-strain curve
has super-classes
Modulus of elasticity c
is in range of
has compressive modulus op

Compressive strengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CompressiveStrength

The maximum compressive stress a material can sustain before fracture, yielding, or excessive deformation. A critical mechanical property for structural and load-bearing aerogel applications
A material property quantity representing the maximum compressive stress a material can withstand before failure; expressed as an om:Measure with unit kPa or MPa.
has super-classes
Compressive stress c
is in range of
has compressive strength op

Compressive stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/CompressiveStress

Stress acting to compress an object, i.e. the force per unit area directed towards the material. Declared locally (subclass of om:Stress) so that gmat:CompressiveStrength remains under om:Quantity even when the OM-2 import is not resolved
has super-classes
Stress c
has sub-classes
Compressive strength c

Computational modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ComputationalModel

The use of computers to simulate and study a complex system or a procedure
has super-classes
Procedure c

Computerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Computer

An electronic device used to process information that can be stored in the form of numbers or a continuous signal
has super-classes
Device c

Condensationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Condensation

Reaction between silanol groups (Si-OH + HO-Si -> Si-O-Si + H2O) or between silanol and alkoxy groups forming siloxane bonds that build the three-dimensional gel network
Formation of siloxane (Si-O-Si) network bonds by reaction of silanol intermediates, releasing water or alcohol as by-products
has super-classes
Creation process c

Contact anglec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ContactAngle

The angle at which a liquid-vapor interface meets a solid surface, quantifying wettability. Key metric for hydrophobic aerogels (contact angle > 90 degrees) and superhydrophobic aerogels (contact angle > 150 degrees)
A material property quantity representing the angle between a liquid droplet interface and a solid surface, used to quantify hydrophobicity; expressed as an om:Measure with unit degrees. Values above 90° indicate hydrophobic surfaces.
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has contact angle op

continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002

(Elucidation) A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity
Example 
A human being; a tennis ball; a cave; a region of space; someone's temperature
has sub-classes
Independent continuant c, generically dependent continuant c, specifically dependent continuant c
is in domain of
participates in op
is in range of
has participant op
is disjoint with
occurrent c

Coolingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Cooling

Controlled reduction of temperature after a thermal step or to induce thermal gelation (e.g. gelatin); the descending counterpart of temperature ramping
A sample preparation step in which the temperature of a sample is lowered in a controlled manner
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Cooling systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CoolingSystem

Equipment for controlled cooling during processing
Equipment that provides controlled cooling during processing
has super-classes
Equipment c

Coordination polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CoordinationPolymerisation

A form of polymerisation that is catalyzed by transition metal salts and complexes (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordination_polymerization)
has super-classes
Chain growth polymerisation c

Copolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Copolymer

A polymer composed of macromolecules that are derived from two or more species of monomer (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60804) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310)
has super-classes
Polymer c
has sub-classes
Block copolymer c, Gradient copolymer c, Graft copolymer c, Random copolymer c

Correlation lengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CorrelationLength

The upper cutoff length ξ of fractal scaling in an aerogel network, corresponding to the characteristic cluster (blob) size above which the material appears homogeneous. Obtained from the crossover (knee) in a SAXS/SANS curve; typically a few to tens of nanometres
The correlation length ξ marking the upper length-scale cutoff of fractal self-similarity in a gel network (the characteristic cluster/blob size), determined from the low-q crossover of a scattering curve
has super-classes
Length c
is in range of
has correlation length op

Coupling reaction polycondensationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CouplingReactionPolycondensation

A polycondensation enabled by coupling reactions, formation of new carbon-carbon bonds catalysed by metal complexes
has super-classes
Polycondensation c

Crackc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Cracking

The defect state of one or more cracks being present in the aerogel structure. Typically results from capillary stress or rapid pressure/temperature changes during drying — but this class denotes the persisting crack feature, not the crack-formation event.
An aerogel defect consisting of one or more fracture discontinuities in the solid network of the material
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c
is disjoint with
Residual solvent c, Non-uniform structure c, Opacity c, Collapsed structure c

Creation processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CreationProcess

An action of bringing something into existence
A method by which a material entity is brought into existence, comprising the constituent steps of a synthesis workflow
has super-classes
Method c
has sub-classes
Aerogel synthesis c, Aging c, Condensation c, Envelope production c, Gelation c, Membrane fabrication c, Module fabrication c, Polymer synthesis c, Sol formation c, Sol-gel transition c, Thermal treatment c
is in domain of
has pH condition op
is in range of
wasProducedBy op

Crosslinkerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Crosslinker

A chemical agent that forms bonds between polymer chains to create network structures. Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state the function in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a gmat:CrosslinkerRole]
A chemical agent that forms covalent or physical bonds between polymer chains, producing a three-dimensional network structure
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is in range of
usesCrosslinker op

Crosslinker rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CrosslinkerRole

The role of a substance that forms bonds between polymer chains or particles in a given step; distinct from the convenience substance class gmat:Crosslinker, which types substances by chemical nature
A role borne by a substance that bridges polymer chains or colloidal particles into a network during a synthesis step
has super-classes
Role c

Cryogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Cryogel

A dried gel obtained by freeze drying (lyophilisation) of a wet gel; ice crystal growth typically leaves a more macroporous, often lamellar structure than supercritical drying
A dried gel produced by freezing the pore liquid and removing it by sublimation (freeze drying)
has super-classes
Gel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Ambigel c, Wet gel c, Xerogel c

Crystallization temperaturec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/CrystallizationTemperature

A factor which influences the formation of a crystal (highly ordered structure of atoms, ions, or molecules) from a liquid o more rarely directly from gas (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization)
has super-classes
Temperature c

Curingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Curing

Moderate-temperature treatment that completes cross-linking or imidisation of a polymer network (e.g. thermal imidisation of poly(amic acid), post-curing of RF gels)
A thermal treatment that completes the cross-linking reactions of a polymer or hybrid network
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Data formatc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DataFormat

The definition of the structure of data within a database or file system that gives the information its meaning (https://c3.ai/glossary/features/data-format/)
has super-classes
Data type c

Data repositoryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DataRepository

A space or location where data is stored
has super-classes
Digital location c
has sub-classes
Personal local hard drive c, Personal server drive c

Data typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DataType

specific category of data
has super-classes
Feature c
has sub-classes
Annotated data c, Data format c, Digital data c, Document c, Image data c, Input data c, Metadata c, Numeric data c, Output data c, Physical data c, Processed data c, Raw data c, Result c, Secure data c

Deionized waterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DeionizedWater

has super-classes
Water c
is also defined as
named individual

Densityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Density

The mass per unit volume of a material. Canonical unit: kg/m3 (SI); the lab convention g/cm3 (= 1000 kg/m3) is also common. Bulk density is typically 1-500 kg/m3 (0.001-0.5 g/cm3); skeletal density (determined by He pycnometry) is typically 1800-2200 kg/m3 (1.8-2.2 g/cm3) for silica
The ratio of the mass of a material to its volume; for aerogels the bulk density captures the contribution of both the solid skeleton and the gas-filled pore space
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Bulk density c, Skeletal density c, Tap density c
is in range of
has density op
is disjoint with
Duration c, Particle size c, Pore volume c, Surface area c, Volumetric Flow Rate c

Depressurizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Depressurization

Controlled reduction of pressure during supercritical drying to return to ambient conditions, performed slowly to avoid re-condensation of supercritical fluid
A sample preparation step in which pressure is reduced in a controlled manner, in supercritical drying performed slowly to avoid re-condensation of the fluid
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
is disjoint with
Pressurization c

Derivationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Derivation

A transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity
A transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing one
has super-classes
Influence c

Devicec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Device

A physical thing made to fulfill a specific purpose
has super-classes
Material entity c
has sub-classes
Apparatus c, Computer c, Equipment c, Generic device c, Instrument c
is in range of
requiresEquipment op

Diaminec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Diamine

An aromatic or aliphatic diamine (e.g. ODA, DMBZ) that reacts with dianhydrides to form the poly(amic acid) intermediate of polyimide aerogels
A diamine monomer that condenses with dianhydrides to form polyimide networks
has super-classes
Polymer precursor c

Dianhydridec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Dianhydride

An aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride (e.g. PMDA, BPDA) that reacts with diamines to form the poly(amic acid) intermediate of polyimide aerogels
A dianhydride monomer that condenses with diamines to form polyimide networks
has super-classes
Polymer precursor c

Differential scanning calorimeterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DifferentialScanningCalorimeter

A piece of equipment that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes for both a sample and a reference (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0002200)
has super-classes
Thermodynamic test equipment c

Differential scanning calorimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DifferentialScanningCalorimetry

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Diffusion coefficientc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DiffusionCoefficient

The proportionality constant between the molar flux of dissolved species (number of moles per unit time per unit area) due to diffusion and the negative value of the gradient in the concentration of the species (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_diffusivity)
has super-classes
Quantity c

Digital datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DigitalData

Data that exist in digital environments, e.g. digital files
has super-classes
Data type c
is in domain of
has path dp

Digital locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/DigitalLocation

An electronic location used for communication between computer systems
has super-classes
Location c
has sub-classes
Data repository c

Dimethylformamidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Dimethylformamide

has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is also defined as
named individual

Dissolution-participationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DissolutionParticipation

A gelation pathway mechanism involving significant dissolution and reprecipitation processes
A gelation pathway in which dissolution and reprecipitation of solid species contribute significantly to network formation
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Dissolvingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Dissolving

Adding the object into a liquid and creating a homogeneous mixture (liquid in liquid = diluting, solid in liquid = dissolving)
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Document

Records providing information or evidence of a process, an event or a subject that serves as an authority or for reference
has super-classes
Data type c, Object c
has sub-classes
ELN records c, Laboratory Notebook c, Protocol c, Publication c, Recipe c, Request c

Dog Bonec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DogBone

A specimen geometry with wider ends and a narrower central region (gauge length), typically used for tensile testing to ensure failure occurs in the gauge section.
A sample geometry with wider ends and a narrower central gauge region, used in tensile testing to localise failure in the gauge length
has super-classes
Geometry c
is disjoint with
Beads c, Monolith c, Slab c

Downsizingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Downsizing

Reducing in volume and weight
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Drug deliveryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DrugDelivery

Use of a (typically bio-)aerogel as carrier for controlled release of pharmaceutical compounds
The application of a material as a carrier for the controlled release of active pharmaceutical ingredients
has super-classes
Application c

Dryerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Dryer

Laboratory or industrial equipment designed for removing solvents or moisture from materials through controlled heating, vacuum, or other drying mechanisms
Equipment designed to remove solvent or moisture from a material by controlled heating, vacuum, sublimation, or supercritical extraction
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Freeze Dryer c, Oven c, Supercritical dryer c

Dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Drying

A mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drying)
The final step of aerogel synthesis in which the pore liquid is removed from the wet gel while preserving the porous network structure; route determines whether the product is an aerogel (structure preserved) or xerogel (structure collapsed)
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
has sub-classes
Ambient pressure drying c, Freeze drying c, Microwave drying c, Supercritical drying c, Vacuum drying c
is in domain of
producesAerogel op
is in range of
is aerogel product of op

Drying control additive rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DryingControlAdditiveRole

The role of a substance added to a sol to reduce capillary stress and prevent cracking during drying (DCCA function, e.g. glycerol, formamide, DMF); distinct from the convenience substance class gmat:DryingControlChemicalAdditive
A role borne by a substance that moderates evaporation and capillary stress during drying of a gel
has super-classes
Role c

Drying control chemical additivec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DryingControlChemicalAdditive

Chemical additives (DCCA) used to reduce capillary stress and prevent cracking during ambient pressure drying. Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state the function in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a gmat:DryingControlAdditiveRole]
A chemical additive incorporated into a sol to reduce capillary stress and prevent cracking during drying
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Formamide c, Glycerol c

Durationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Duration

A quantity representing the length of time over which a process or event occurs, typically expressed in seconds, minutes, or hours
A quantity representing the length of time over which a process or event extends
has super-classes
Time c
is disjoint with
Density c, Particle size c, Pore volume c, Surface area c, Volumetric Flow Rate c

EDX analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/EDXAnalysis

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Elastomerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Elastomer

A polymer that displays rubber-like elasticity (https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/ET07547)
has super-classes
Plastic c

Electric testing equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ElectricTestingEquipment

Equipment that applies a voltage or current to a sample for analysis
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
4-Point resistance setup c, Zeta potential setup c

Electrodec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Electrode

Use of a (typically carbon or metal oxide) aerogel as electrode material in supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells, or capacitive deionisation
The application of a material as an electrode in an electrochemical device
has super-classes
Application c

ELNc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ELN

A computer software developed to replace paper laboratory notebooks to help document experiments
has super-classes
Software c

ELN recordsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ELNRecords

Digital and organised documentation of laboratory activities and data within an Electronic Laboratory Notebook (ELN) system
has super-classes
Document c

Entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Entity

a physical, digital, conceptual, or other kind of thing with some fixed aspects (http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Entity)
has sub-classes
Material entity c, Procedure c, Software c
is in domain of
qualifiedAttribution op, wasAttributedTo op, wasDerivedFrom op, wasGeneratedBy op
is in range of
entity op, generated op, used op, wasDerivedFrom op
is disjoint with
Activity c, Instantaneous event c

Entity influencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#EntityInfluence

the capacity of an entity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, derivation, or other
has super-classes
Influence c
has sub-classes
Usage c
is in domain of
entity op

Envelope productionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/EnvelopeProduction

Preparation of an envelope (pocket), two membrane sheets separated by a highly porous support (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_technology)
has super-classes
Creation process c

Equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Equipment

A set of instruments and other elements (e.g. tools) designed to perform a certain activity, powered by electricity, in a stand-alone setup
has super-classes
Device c
has sub-classes
CO2 supply system c, Cooling system c, Dryer c, Electric testing equipment c, Flatsheet membrane casting machine c, Flatsheet membrane coating machine c, Gas permeation equipment c, Hollow fibre membrane spinning equipment c, Liquid permeation equipment c, Mechanical testing equipment c, Membrane envelope welding machine c, Microscope c, Module quality testing equipment c, Pressure vessel c, Spectrometer c, Thermodynamic test equipment c
is disjoint with
Substance c

Erlenmeyer flaskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ErlenmeyerFlask

A type of laboratory flask (with a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck) used to contain liquids and for liquid handling processes
has super-classes
Apparatus c

Ethanolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Ethanol

has super-classes
Alcohol c
is disjoint with
Methanol c
is also defined as
named individual

Exchange ratioc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ExchangeRatio

Volume ratio of fresh solvent to gel volume during solvent exchange cycles
A process parameter representing the volume ratio of fresh solvent to gel during a solvent exchange cycle
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is disjoint with
Molar Ratio c, pH condition c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c

Experimentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Experiment

A process in which hypothesis is tested in a controllable environment or a collection of quantitative data that describes a property of an entity or event.
has super-classes
process c

Experiment request submissionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ExperimentRequestSubmission

A process of requesting for an experiment to be performed.
has super-classes
process c
is in domain of
has order number dp, has request submission type dp, submission ended at dp, submission started at dp

Featurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Feature

A distinctive attribute or aspect of something,
has super-classes
specifically dependent continuant c
has sub-classes
Aerogel defect c, Data type c, Gelation pathway c, Geometry c, Network connectivity c, Quantity c
is in domain of
is parameter of op

Feedc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Feed

The substance that is directed into the membrane for filtration
has super-classes
Role c

Fittingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Fitting

A process of choosing value for parameters in a mathematical function to best describe a set of data.
has super-classes
Calculation c

Flat sheet envelope modulec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatSheetEnvelopeModule

Assembly of envelopes (pockets), each containing two membrane sheets separated by a highly porous support; in a module several such envelopes are wound around a tube to create a tangential flow geometry and to reduce membrane fouling (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_technology)
has super-classes
Module c

Flat sheet membrane castingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatSheetMembraneCasting

Manual or machine preparation of a membrane by extending a polymer solution over a planar support followed by solvent evaporation or coagulation in a nonsolvent (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/flat-sheet-membrane)
has super-classes
Membrane fabrication c

Flat sheet membrane coatingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatSheetMembraneCoating

Adding a layer which delivers the desired membrane property (e.g., high selectivity) (https://liqtech.com/ceramic-membranes-dpf/silicon-carbide-ceramic-membrane/what-does-the-membrane-coating-do/)
has super-classes
Membrane fabrication c

Flat sheet spiralwound modulec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatSheetSpiralwoundModule

flat sheet spiral wound module = Flat sheet envelope module – assembly of envelopes (pockets), each containing two membrane sheets separated by a highly porous support. In a module several such envelopes are wound around a tube to create a tangential flow geometry and to reduce membrane fouling (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_technology)
has super-classes
Module c

Flatsheet membrane casting machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatsheetMembraneCastingMachine

A machine to create flatsheet membranes by blade-casting a solution onto a, usually nonwoven, substrate
has super-classes
Equipment c

Flatsheet membrane coating machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FlatsheetMembraneCoatingMachine

A machine to coat an additional layer onto a flatsheet membrane by blade-casting a solution onto it
has super-classes
Equipment c

Flexural modulusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FlexuralModulus

The ratio of stress to strain in flexural (bending) deformation, measured by three- or four-point bending, expressed in Pa
The elastic modulus measured under bending load, equal to the slope of the linear region of the flexural stress-strain curve
has super-classes
Modulus of elasticity c
is in range of
has flexural modulus op

Flexural strengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FlexuralStrength

The maximum stress at the outer fibre of a specimen at the point of failure under bending load, expressed in Pa
The maximum bending stress a material can sustain before rupture, determined by three- or four-point flexural testing
has super-classes
Stress c
is in range of
has flexural strength op

Fluoride additivec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FluorideAdditive

A class of fluoride-containing substances added in small amounts to modify reaction pathways, surface chemistry, or microstructure during processing
A fluoride-containing substance added in small amounts to modify hydrolysis-condensation kinetics, surface chemistry, or microstructure
has super-classes
Chemical entity c

Fluoride Saltc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FluorideSalt

An ionic compound containing fluoride anions (F−) paired with a metal or ammonium cation; used for etching, complexation, or catalytic effects
An ionic compound of the fluoride anion with a metal or ammonium cation
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Ammonium fluoride c

Formaldehydec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Formaldehyde

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Formamidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Formamide

has super-classes
Drying control chemical additive c
is also defined as
named individual

FOSS softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FOSSSoftware

A computer software considered both free software and open-source software
has super-classes
Software c

Fourier-transformed infrared spectrometerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/FTIRSpectrometer

Equipment consisting of an infrared laser, an interferometer and a detector, which is used to measure spectra in the infrared range; the spectrometer measures the amount of infrared radiation not absorbed by the sample, and the application of a Fourier transform converts the resulting time domain digital signal into a frequency domain digital signal (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001823)
has super-classes
Spectrometer c

Fractal dimensionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FractalDimension

A dimensionless exponent describing the self-similar (power-law) scaling of an aerogel network with length scale, determined from small-angle scattering (SAXS/SANS). General parent for the mass fractal dimension (Dm, network mass scaling) and the surface fractal dimension (Ds, interface roughness scaling)
A dimensionless exponent quantifying the fractal (self-similar, power-law) scaling of an aerogel network; specialised as mass fractal dimension (1-3) or surface fractal dimension (2-3)
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Mass fractal dimension c, Surface fractal dimension c
is in domain of
has fractal dimension value dp
is in range of
has fractal dimension op

Freeze castingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FreezeCasting

Directional or bulk freezing of a suspension or gel so that growing ice crystals template an aligned macroporous architecture, subsequently revealed by freeze drying
A sample preparation step in which controlled freezing templates the pore structure of a material via ice crystal growth
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Freeze Dryerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FreezeDryer

Equipment that removes liquid from a frozen material by sublimation under reduced pressure (lyophilisation). Used in aerogel production via the freeze-drying route to obtain cryogels
A dryer that removes frozen solvent from a material by sublimation under reduced pressure (lyophilisation)
has super-classes
Dryer c
is disjoint with
Oven c, Supercritical dryer c

Freeze dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FreezeDrying

Drying method where the solvent is frozen and then sublimated under vacuum, producing cryogels with distinct morphology
A drying method in which the pore solvent is frozen and removed by sublimation under reduced pressure, yielding cryogels
has super-classes
Drying c
is disjoint with
Ambient pressure drying c, Microwave drying c, Supercritical drying c, Vacuum drying c

FTIR spectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FTIRSpectroscopy

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Furfuralc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Furfural

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Gasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Gas

A substance in the gaseous state used in processing or characterisation: pyrolysis and calcination atmospheres (N2, Ar, air), sorption adsorbates (N2, CO2), and drying media
A chemical entity in the gaseous aggregation state, used as process atmosphere, adsorbate, or drying medium
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Air c, Argon c, Carbon dioxide c, Nitrogen c

Gas permeation equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GasPermeationEquipment

Equipment to measure properties of the permeation of gases through membranes
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Gas permeation pressure increase machine c, Gas permeation time lag machine c

Gas permeation pressure increase machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GasPermeationPressureIncreaseMachine

Equipment to measure gas permeation properties in membranes in dependence of the pressure of the feed gas
has super-classes
Gas permeation equipment c

Gas permeation time lag machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GasPermeationTimeLagMachine

Equipment to measure gas permeation properties in membranes in dependence of time at constant feed gas pressure
has super-classes
Gas permeation equipment c

Gelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Gel

A gel is a soft material entity consisting of a continuous solid network permeated by a liquid phase, exhibiting both solid-like and liquid-like properties
A nonfluid colloidal or polymer network that is expanded throughout its whole volume by a fluid, exhibiting both solid-like and liquid-like properties
has super-classes
Substance c
has sub-classes
Aerogel c, Ambigel c, Cryogel c, Wet gel c, Xerogel c
is in domain of
has gel time dp, has precursor op
is in range of
transformsGel op

Gelatinc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Gelatin

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Gelationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Gelation

The sol-gel transition process where a liquid colloidal solution transforms into a solid gel network through hydrolysis and condensation reactions
The sol-gel process stage in which condensation reactions cause the growing network to span the entire reaction volume, producing a solid gel at the gel point (SolGelTransition); the sol irreversibly loses fluidity
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Acid-catalysed gelation c, Base-catalysed gelation c, Two-step acid-base catalysis c
is in domain of
has gelation time value dp, usesCrosslinker op
is in range of
realised as op
is disjoint with
Aerogel synthesis c, Aging c, Sol formation c

Gelation pathwayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GelationPathway

The mechanistic route by which a sol transforms into a gel network. A GelationPathway describes the mechanism, not the process itself — it is a feature of the gelation, not an instance of it
The mechanistic route by which a sol transforms into a gel network; describes the mechanism of a gelation, not the process itself
has super-classes
Feature c
has sub-classes
Acid Catalysis Pathway c, Base Catalysis Pathway c, Dissolution-participation c, Phase separation c, Sol-gel polymerisation c, Two-Step Catalysis Pathway c
is in domain of
realised as op
is in range of
has gelation route op

Gelation timec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GelationTime

The elapsed time from initiation of gelation (e.g. catalyst addition) to the SolGelTransition event. A key kinetic parameter sensitive to catalyst concentration, pH, temperature, and water-to-precursor ratio
The elapsed time from initiation of gelation (e.g. catalyst addition) to the SolGelTransition event; a key kinetic parameter controlled by catalyst type, concentration, pH, temperature, and water-to-precursor ratio
has super-classes
Time c

Gelling agent rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GellingAgentRole

The role of a substance that triggers or promotes gelation (e.g. a base added to induce condensation, a cation bath for alginate gelation)
A role borne by a substance that induces or accelerates the sol-gel transition in a gelation step
has super-classes
Role c

Generic devicec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GenericDevice

A concrete device identified by its function or type, without needing to specify a unique identifier or detailed characteristics (e.g., any thermometer used to measure temperature)
has super-classes
Device c

generically dependent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031

b is a generically dependent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is some time t such that there is some independent continuant c & b s-depends_on c at t
Example 
A symphony; a score of a film; a patent; a plan; a procedure; a software algorithm
has super-classes
continuant c
has sub-classes
Synthesis protocol c

GeoLocationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GeoLocation

Geographic coordinates of something
has super-classes
Physical location c

Geometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Geometry

The shape, size, and physical configuration of a material entity.
A feature representing the shape and physical configuration of a material entity
has super-classes
Feature c
has sub-classes
Beads c, Dog Bone c, Monolith c, Slab c
is in range of
has geometry op

Geopycc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Geopyc

Device for measuring envelope density of materials.
An instrument that measures the envelope density of a material by quasi-fluid displacement
has super-classes
Instrument c

Glass fibrec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GlassFibre

Glass fibres (loose, mat, or felt), the most common reinforcement of commercial silica aerogel insulation composites
A fibrous glass reinforcement used in aerogel composites and blankets
has super-classes
Reinforcement c

Glass transition temperaturec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GlassTransitionTemperature

The gradual and reversible transition in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions within semicrystalline materials) from a hard and relatively brittle glassy state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition)
has super-classes
Temperature c

Glycerolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Glycerol

has super-classes
Drying control chemical additive c
is also defined as
named individual

Gradient copolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GradientCopolymer

A copolymer with a gradual change in monomer composition along the polymer chain from predominantly one species to predominantly the other, unlike with block copolymers, which have an abrupt change in composition (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient_copolymer)
has super-classes
Copolymer c

Graft copolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/GraftCopolymer

A special type of branched copolymer wherein the side chains are structurally distinct from the main chain (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copolymer)
has super-classes
Copolymer c

Graphene oxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GrapheneOxide

has super-classes
Reinforcement c
is also defined as
named individual

Guarded hot plate methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GuardedHotPlate

Steady-state absolute thermal conductivity measurement between a guarded hot plate and cold plates (ISO 8302); the primary reference method for insulation materials
A steady-state thermal conductivity measurement in which a guarded hot plate imposes a known heat flux across a slab specimen
has super-classes
Thermal conductivity testing c

Heat Flow Meterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HeatFlowMeter

Device for measuring thermal conductivity of the material.
An instrument that measures the thermal conductivity of a material from the heat flux through a specimen under a temperature gradient
has super-classes
Instrument c

Heat flow meter methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HeatFlowMeterMethod

Steady-state comparative thermal conductivity measurement using calibrated heat flux transducers (ISO 8301); faster than the guarded hot plate; instrument class gmat:HeatFlowMeter
A steady-state thermal conductivity measurement in which the heat flux through a slab specimen is recorded by calibrated flux transducers
has super-classes
Thermal conductivity testing c

Heating bathc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HeatingBath

Temperature-controlled liquid bath for uniform heating of samples
An instrument consisting of a temperature-controlled liquid bath used for uniform heating of samples
has super-classes
Instrument c

Heating ratec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HeatingRate

The rate of temperature change during a thermal process step (drying, pyrolysis, calcination, temperature ramping), typically reported in K/min or degC/min
A quantity representing the change of temperature per unit time imposed during a controlled heating or cooling step
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has heating rate op

Helium pycnometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HeliumPycnometry

Gas displacement pycnometry with helium; the standard realisation of skeletal density measurement (gmat:SkeletalDensity), performed e.g. on an Accupyc instrument
A skeletal density measurement that determines the skeletal volume of a sample by helium gas displacement
has super-classes
Skeletal density measurement c

Hexamethyldisilazanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hexamethyldisilazane

has super-classes
Silylation agent c
is also defined as
named individual

High-temperature supercritical dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HighTemperatureSupercriticalDrying

Supercritical drying directly from the organic pore solvent (ethanol or methanol, Tc ~240-243 degC) in an autoclave, without exchange to CO2; the original Kistler-type HOT route, distinguished from low-temperature scCO2 drying
A supercritical drying method in which the organic pore solvent itself is brought above its critical point, as opposed to exchange against supercritical CO2
has super-classes
Supercritical drying c

Hollow fiber membrane spinningc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/HollowFiberMembraneSpinning

Production of hollow fiber membranes by extrusion of polymer melt or solution through a spinneret (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow_fiber_membrane)
has super-classes
Membrane fabrication c

Hollow fibre membrane spinning equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/HollowFibreMembraneSpinningEquipment

A machine to create hollow fibre membranes by extruding a solution through one or multiple nozzles into a precipitation bath
has super-classes
Equipment c

Hollow fibre modulec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/HollowFibreModule

A bundle of hollow fibres packed in a pressure vessel, with the permeate passing either out of the fibers (bore-side feed) or into them (shell-side feed) (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/hollow-fibre-module)
has super-classes
Module c

Homopolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Homopolymer

A polymer derived from identical monomer units (http://materialsmine.org/ns/Homopolymer)
has super-classes
Polymer c

Hot platec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/HotPlate

An electric instrument that creates a hot surface
has super-classes
Instrument c

Hybrid aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HybridAerogel

An aerogel composed of both organic and inorganic components, combining properties of different material classes
An aerogel composed of two or more chemically distinct network components, at least one of which is organic and at least one inorganic, covalently or physically integrated within the same porous framework
has super-classes
Aerogel c
has sub-classes
Organosilica aerogel c

Hydrofluoric acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HydrofluoricAcid

has super-classes
Acid catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Hydrogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hydrogel

A hydrogel is a gel in which the liquid phase consists mainly of water.
A wet gel in which the liquid pore phase is predominantly water; the intermediate state of a silica sol-gel system before solvent exchange
has super-classes
Wet gel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Alcogel c

Hydrolysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hydrolysis

Reaction of a silicon alkoxide precursor with water to generate silanol groups (Si-OH). Rate depends on pH, water-to-alkoxide ratio, and solvent. Acid catalysis accelerates hydrolysis; base catalysis promotes condensation
Nucleophilic substitution of alkoxy groups by hydroxyl groups in the presence of water, yielding silanols as sol-gel intermediates
has super-classes
Sol formation c

Hydrophobicity testingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HydrophobicityTesting

Measurement of water contact angle or water uptake to determine surface hydrophobicity
An analysis that determines the surface hydrophobicity of a material, typically by water contact angle or water uptake measurement
has super-classes
Analysis c
is disjoint with
Compression testing c, Optical transmittance measurement c, Skeletal density measurement c, Thermal conductivity testing c

Image datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ImageData

Data produced by scanning a surface with an optical or electronic device; visual information in the form of pictures, graphics or photographs
has super-classes
Data type c

Imaging AFMc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ImagingAFM

Scanning a surface with an atomic force microscope for obtaining the morphology and mechanical properties of a sample
has super-classes
Membrane morphology c

Imaging SEMc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ImagingSEM

Obtaining the surface morphology and, in special cases, the chemical composition of a sample with a scanning electron microscope.
has super-classes
Membrane morphology c

Immaterial entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141

b is an immaterial entity =Def b is an independent continuant which is such that there is no time t when it has a material entity as continuant part
Example 
As for fiat point, fiat line, fiat surface, site
has super-classes
Independent continuant c
has sub-classes
spatial region c
is disjoint with
Material entity c

Impregnationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Impregnation

Infiltrating a porous host (fibre mat, foam) with a sol, or a finished aerogel with a functional phase; the standard route to aerogel blankets and composites (see also pmat:Coating)
A sample preparation step in which a liquid phase is infiltrated into a porous host material
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Independent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004

b is an independent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is no c such that b specifically depends on c or b generically depends on c
Example 
An atom; a molecule; an organism; a heart; a chair; the bottom right portion of a human torso; a leg; the interior of your mouth; a spatial region; an orchestra
has super-classes
continuant c
has sub-classes
Immaterial entity c, Location c, Material entity c, Object c, Person c
is in domain of
has role op, located in op
is in range of
contained in op, located in op

Influencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Influence

the capacity of an entity, activity, or agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, generation, invalidation, communication, derivation, attribution, association, or delegation
has sub-classes
Agent influence c, Derivation c, Entity influence c
is in domain of
hadRole op

Inhibitorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Inhibitor

A substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change
has super-classes
Role c

Inhouse softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/InhouseSoftware

A computer software developed in-house with a given organisation by itself, often for internal use only
has super-classes
Software c

Initiatorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Initiator

A substance that creates reactive species
has super-classes
Role c

Inorganic aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/InorganicAerogel

An aerogel with an inorganic backbone (e.g. SiO₂, TiO₂, Al₂O₃), typically synthesised from metal alkoxide precursors through sol-gel processing
An aerogel whose solid framework consists entirely of inorganic components such as metal oxides, silica, or zero-valent metals, containing no covalently bonded organic groups in the network backbone
has super-classes
Aerogel c
has sub-classes
Metal aerogel c, Metal oxide aerogel c, Silica aerogel c
is disjoint with
Organic aerogel c

Input datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/InputData

Data provided as input to a laboratory process, experiment, measurement or device to produce desired outcomes
has super-classes
Data type c

Instantaneous eventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#InstantaneousEvent

marks a transition in the world. Instantaneous events include generation, usage, or invalidation of entities, as well as starting or ending of activities
has sub-classes
Usage c
is in domain of
hadRole op
is disjoint with
Agent c, Entity c

Instrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Instrument

A device used to perform measurements or manipulate variables to monitor or control values of certain parameters, usually powered by electricity
has super-classes
Device c
has sub-classes
Accupyc c, Geopyc c, Heat Flow Meter c, Heating bath c, Hot plate c, Load Cell c, Magnetic stirrer c, Overhead stirrer c, Pressure Plate c, Pump c, Pycnometer c, Secondary electron detector c, Tensile Clamps c, Thermometer c, Triflex c

Ion exchangec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/IonExchange

Passing a sodium silicate (water glass) solution through a cation exchange resin to replace Na+ with H+, yielding silicic acid sol; the essential desalination step of the water-glass route
A sample preparation step in which ions in a solution are replaced by contact with an ion exchange resin, notably the removal of sodium from water glass
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Iron oxide aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/IronOxideAerogel

An aerogel with an iron oxide (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) network, typically from FeCl3/epoxide routes; studied for magnetism, catalysis, and energetic composites
A metal oxide aerogel whose solid framework consists of iron oxide
has super-classes
Metal oxide aerogel c

Isocyanatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Isocyanate

A di- or polyisocyanate (e.g. MDI, TDI, Desmodur types) that reacts with polyols to form polyurethane aerogels, or with water/amines to form polyurea aerogels
An isocyanate monomer that forms polyurethane or polyurea networks in polymer aerogel synthesis
has super-classes
Polymer precursor c

Isopropanolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Isopropanol

has super-classes
Alcohol c
is also defined as
named individual

Laboratoryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Laboratory

A place (a building, part of a building or other place) equipped for doing experiments (e.g. chemistry laboratory) or scientific tests (e.g. computer laboratory)
has super-classes
Physical location c

Laboratory Notebookc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/LaboratoryNotebook

Complete records of laboratory research or experiment
has super-classes
Document c

Laser flash analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/LaserFlash

has super-classes
Thermal conductivity testing c
is also defined as
named individual

Lengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Length

Length is the amount of space between two geographical points along a curve. It is a base quantity in the International System of Units and other systems of units. Length is speed times time. The metre, a base unit of length in the International System of Units, is defined in terms of speed of light during a certain time interval.
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Correlation length c, Mean domain size c, Mean pore diameter c, Mean pore size c, Particle size c, Thickness c

Ligninc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Lignin

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Linuxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Linux

Family of Unix-like operating systems that use the Linux kernel and are open source (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388)
has super-classes
Operating system c

Liquid permeation equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/LiquidPermeationEquipment

Equipment to measure properties of the permeation of liquids through membranes
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Molecular weight cut off setup c, Retention test setup c, Water permeability setup c

Load Cellc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ForceCell

A sensor designed to convert mechanical force to electric signal.
An instrument that converts mechanical force into an electrical signal for quantitative force measurement
has super-classes
Instrument c

Locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Location

A particular place where something happens or is situated (or exists)
has super-classes
Independent continuant c
has sub-classes
Digital location c, Physical location c

Mac OSc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MacOS

Operating system for Apple computers (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14116)
has super-classes
Operating system c

Macroporosityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Macroporosity

Presence of unintended macropores (> 50 nm) in the aerogel network, causing loss of mesoporosity, reduced surface area, and lower thermal insulation performance. Arises from phase separation or syneresis during gelation
An aerogel defect characterised by the presence of unintended pores larger than 50 nm in the otherwise mesoporous network, caused by phase separation or syneresis during gelation, leading to reduced surface area and impaired insulation performance
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c

Magnetic stirrerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MagneticStirrer

Equipment that creates a rotating magnetic field to spin a stir bar for mixing solutions
An instrument that mixes a solution by rotating a magnetic stir bar through a rotating magnetic field
has super-classes
Instrument c

Maintainerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Maintainer

A person who is trained to keep a given device in good condition or develop procedures to be performed using the device
has super-classes
Role c

Mass concentrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MassConcentration

The mass of a solute per unit volume of a mixture (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C179798)
has super-classes
Quantity c

Mass fractal dimensionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MassFractalDimension

The fractal dimension Dm describing the power-law scaling of network mass with length scale in the fractal (low-q) region of the scattering curve, I(q) ∝ q^(−Dm). Values 1.7-2.4 are typical for silica aerogels; lower values indicate more open, chain-like structures
The mass fractal dimension (1 ≤ Dm ≤ 3) obtained from the slope of the fractal regime of a SAXS/SANS curve, describing how network mass scales with observation length
has super-classes
Fractal dimension c
is in range of
has mass fractal dimension op
is disjoint with
Surface fractal dimension c

Mass fractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MassFraction

The mass of a component divided by the total mass of the mixture or composite, expressed as a fraction or wt%. Covers fibre loading, solid content, silica content, and similar compositional quantities
A dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of the mass of a component to the total mass of the mixture, commonly expressed in weight percent
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has mass fraction op

Material entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040

(Elucidation) A material entity is an independent continuant has some portion of matter as continuant part
Example 
A human being; the undetached arm of a human being; an aggregate of human beings
has super-classes
Entity c, Independent continuant c
has sub-classes
Device c, Module c, Monomer c, Polymer c, Substance c
is in domain of
contained in op
is disjoint with
Immaterial entity c

Mean domain sizec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MeanDomainSize

Characteristic length of a locally defined, homogeneous volume in a material, a mean value of several measurements
has super-classes
Length c

Mean pore diameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MeanPoreDiameter

Characteristic length of a locally defined hole in a membrane, a mean value of several measurements
has super-classes
Length c

Mean pore sizec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MeanPoreSize

The average pore diameter of a porous material, typically determined from BJH analysis of desorption isotherms or from small-angle scattering; expressed in nanometres. Aerogels predominantly exhibit mesopores (2-50 nm). Equivalent to pmat:MeanPoreDiameter, which Polymat declares independently for membrane materials
The average equivalent spherical diameter of the pore space distribution in a porous material, expressed in nanometres and typically determined by BJH desorption analysis
is equivalent to
Mean pore diameter c
has super-classes
Length c
is in range of
has mean pore size op

measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Measure

A measure combines a number to a unit of measure. For example, "3 m" is a measure.
has sub-classes
Nominal measure c, Ratio Value c
is in domain of
has numerical value dp, has unit op
is in range of
has value op

Mechanical testing equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MechanicalTestingEquipment

Equipment to measure mechanical properties of a sample
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Universal testing machine c

Melaminec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Melamine

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Melting temperaturec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MeltingTemperature

The temperature at which a material changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase
has super-classes
Temperature c

Membrane chamberc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembraneChamber

A chamber enclosing a membrane and directing the feed fluid to the membrane
has super-classes
Apparatus c

Membrane envelope welding machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembraneEnvelopeWeldingMachine

Equipment that connects different layers on the outside edge of a membrane envelope, i.e. membrane layers, spacer layers, cover layers, etc, by welding.
has super-classes
Equipment c

Membrane fabricationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembraneFabrication

Techniques for membrane preparation, e.g. casting, extrusion, interfacial polymerisation (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-01095-3_4)
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Flat sheet membrane casting c, Flat sheet membrane coating c, Hollow fiber membrane spinning c

Membrane morphologyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembraneMorphology

The shape as well as the external and internal structure of a membrane
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
Imaging AFM c, Imaging SEM c

Membrane performance for gasesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembranePerformanceForGases

Filtration properties for a sustance in gases of a membrane
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
Pressure increase c, Selectivity c, Time lag c

Membrane performance for liquidsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MembranePerformanceForLiquids

Filtration properties for substances in liquids of a membrane
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
Molecular weight cut off c, Retention c, Water flux c

Mercury intrusion porosimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MercuryIntrusionPorosimetry

has super-classes
Porosity measurement c
is also defined as
named individual

Metadatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Metadata

Data that provides information about other data, e.g. describes characterististics or attributes of experimental data (such as the data source, units of measurements, data quality indicators)
has super-classes
Data type c

Metal aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MetalAerogel

An aerogel in which the solid framework is composed of zero-valent metals (e.g., Au, Pt, Ag)
An inorganic aerogel whose solid framework consists of zero-valent metal
has super-classes
Inorganic aerogel c

Metal alkoxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MetalAlkoxide

A metal compound with alkoxide ligands (M-OR), used as precursors in sol-gel synthesis
A compound of a metal with alkoxide ligands (M(OR)n), used as a hydrolysable precursor in sol-gel synthesis
has super-classes
Metal oxide precursor c
has sub-classes
Aluminium sec-butoxide c, Titanium isopropoxide c, Zirconium n-propoxide c

Metal oxide aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MetalOxideAerogel

An aerogel composed of metal oxide materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂), alumina (Al₂O₃), or zirconia (ZrO₂)
An inorganic aerogel whose solid framework consists of one or more metal oxides
has super-classes
Inorganic aerogel c
has sub-classes
Alumina aerogel c, Iron oxide aerogel c, Titania aerogel c, Zirconia aerogel c

Metal oxide precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MetalOxidePrecursor

A precursor that yields a non-silica metal oxide network (alumina, titania, zirconia, iron oxide, ...); comprises metal alkoxides as well as metal chlorides and nitrates used in epoxide-assisted routes
A precursor whose hydrolysis and condensation (or epoxide-assisted gelation) yield a metal oxide network
has super-classes
Precursor c
has sub-classes
Metal alkoxide c

Methanolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Methanol

has super-classes
Alcohol c
is disjoint with
Ethanol c
is also defined as
named individual

Methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Method

A systematic procedure for accomplishing something (the-how)
has super-classes
Procedure c
has sub-classes
Analysis c, Creation process c, Sample preparation c
is in domain of
generates intermediate op, requiresEquipment op, usesSubstance op

Methyltriethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MTES

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Microscopec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Microscope

A piece of equipment which is used to generate an image of the surface of a specimen, whether by focusing reflected light onto where it can be collected or by scanning a given area of the surface (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0000953)
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Atomic force microscope c, Optical microscope c, Scanning electron microscope c, Transmission electron microscope c

Microsoft Windowsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MicrosoftWindows

Family of computer operating systems developed by Microsoft (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1406)
has super-classes
Operating system c

Microwave dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MicrowaveDrying

Drying by volumetric microwave heating of the pore liquid; a fast evaporative route reported for silica and bio-aerogels
A drying method in which the pore liquid is removed by volumetric microwave heating
has super-classes
Drying c
is disjoint with
Ambient pressure drying c, Freeze drying c, Supercritical drying c, Vacuum drying c

Mixingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Mixing

Process of combining two or more substances with mechanical agitation to create a homogeneous solution or suspension
A sample preparation step in which two or more substances are combined under mechanical agitation to yield a homogeneous solution or suspension
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
has sub-classes
Stirring c

Modellingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Modelling

The activity of using mathematical models to predict certain values of parameters or make calculations.
has super-classes
Calculation c

Modulec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Module

Several membranes arranged sequentially in a container
has super-classes
Material entity c
has sub-classes
Flat sheet envelope module c, Flat sheet spiralwound module c, Hollow fibre module c

Module fabricationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ModuleFabrication

Arranging membranes into a unit with housing, feed inlet, concentrate outlet, and permeate outlet (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/membrane-module)
has super-classes
Creation process c

Module performancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ModulePerformance

The ability to process large amounts of feed stream (high permeability) while maintaining high selectivity for the desired substance. Further advantageous properties of a membrane module are fouling resistance, hight mechanical stability and low manufacturing costs (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_technology)
An analysis that assesses the throughput and selectivity of a separation module
has super-classes
Analysis c

Module quality testing equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ModuleQualityTestingEquipment

Equipment that measures the performance of a membrane module in order to judge its quality
has super-classes
Equipment c

Modulus of elasticityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/ModulusOfElasticity

the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain of a material (http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/quality#AFQ_0000341)
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Compressive modulus c, Flexural modulus c, Young's modulus c

Molar permeability (diffusion)c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MolarPermeability-Diffusion

The permeability multiplied by density and divided by molar mass of the permeating fluid P* = V･d･rho / (A･t･p･M) = D･rho / (p･M) P* = molar permeability (diffusion) V = Volume of the permeate [m³] rho = density of the permeate [kg/m³] M = molar mass of the permeate [kg/mol] d = thickness of the membrane [m] A = area of the membrane [m²] t = time of diffusion [s] p = pressure difference [atm] D = Diffusion coefficient = diffusivity [m²/s] The SI unit is mol/(m･s･atm)
has super-classes
Permeability (diffusion) c

Molar Ratioc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MolarRatio

The ratio of moles between two or more substances in a reaction or mixture. Used to describe stoichiometric proportions of reagents (e.g., H2O/MTMS = 59.75).
A process parameter representing the ratio of amounts of substance (moles) between two or more substances in a reaction or mixture
has super-classes
Process parameter c
has sub-classes
Water-to-silica ratio c
is in domain of
has ratio component op
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, pH condition c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c

Moldc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Mold

A container or form that gives shape to liquid or semi-solid material during gelation, curing, or solidification processes
An apparatus consisting of a container or form that imparts shape to a liquid or semi-solid material during gelation, curing, or solidification
has super-classes
Apparatus c

Molecular weight cut offc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MolecularWeightCutOff

Molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) - the molecular weight of the molecule that is 90% retained by the membrane (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_weight_cut-off)
has super-classes
Membrane performance for liquids c

Molecular weight cut off setupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/MolecularWeightCutOffSetup

Equipment to measure the maximum size of a molecule that is permeating in a solution through a membrane
has super-classes
Liquid permeation equipment c

Monolithc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Monolith

A material geometry consisting of a single, continuous, bulk piece (often cylindrical or rectangular) as opposed to powders, beads, or films.
A sample geometry consisting of a single continuous bulk piece, as opposed to powders, beads, or films
has super-classes
Geometry c
is disjoint with
Beads c, Dog Bone c, Slab c

Monomerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Monomer

A chemical subunit, i.e. the molecule of a chemical substance, that can undergo polymerisation by bonding to other subunits and form a polymer (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C63845)
has super-classes
Material entity c
has sub-classes
Tetraethoxysilane c
is in domain of
has CAS nr dp, has IUPAC name dp

n-Heptanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Heptane

has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is also defined as
named individual

n-Hexanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hexane

has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is also defined as
named individual

Nanocellulosec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Nanocellulose

has super-classes
Cellulose c
is also defined as
named individual

Network connectivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/NetworkConnectivity

A structural descriptor of the aerogel solid network expressing the average number of siloxane bonds per node; related to cross-linking density and mechanical stiffness. Determined from solid-state NMR (Q2/Q3/Q4 species) or SAXS
The average number of siloxane (or equivalent) bonds per network node, quantifying the degree of cross-linking. Determined from 29Si NMR Q-species ratios: Q2 (2 siloxane bonds), Q3 (3), Q4 (4, fully connected)
has super-classes
Feature c
is in domain of
has network connectivity value dp

Nitric acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/NitricAcid

has super-classes
Acid catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Nitrogenc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Nitrogen

has super-classes
Gas c
is also defined as
named individual

Nominal measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/NominalMeasure

Combines a number to a unit of a result of an nominal value (theoretical or designated value used as a reference point) of a given quantity
has super-classes
measure c

Non-uniform structurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/NonuniformStructure

Spatial inhomogeneity in aerogel structure, density, or properties, typically caused by non-uniform gelation or drying
An aerogel defect consisting of spatial inhomogeneity in the structure, density, or properties of the material
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c
is disjoint with
Crack c, Residual solvent c, Opacity c, Collapsed structure c

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/NMRSpectrometer

A piece of equipment used to conduct nuclear magnetic resonance experiments consisting of a magnet housing a sample space surrounded by two coils which act to transmit radio frequency radiation to the sample and to detect the response of the sample (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001807)
has super-classes
Spectrometer c

Numeric datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/NumericData

Data consisting of numerical values representing measurements or quantities
has super-classes
Data type c

Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Object

A thing to which a specific action is directed but not a person
has super-classes
Independent continuant c
has sub-classes
Document c, Software c

Observed parameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ObservedParameter

Actual measurement or manifestation of a parameter - as a variable of a laboratory process or its elements, reflecting its value or characteristic as recorded or noted during the laboratory process
has super-classes
Process parameter c

occurrentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003

(Elucidation) An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the start or end of such an entity or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region
Example 
As for process, history, process boundary, spatiotemporal region, zero-dimensional temporal region, one-dimensional temporal region, temporal interval, temporal instant.
has sub-classes
Procedure c, process c
is in domain of
has participant op
is in range of
is parameter of op, participates in op
is disjoint with
continuant c

Opacityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Opacity

Loss of optical transparency in aerogel, typically caused by large pores, density inhomogeneities, or structural defects
An aerogel defect consisting of reduced or absent optical transparency of the material
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c
is disjoint with
Crack c, Residual solvent c, Non-uniform structure c, Collapsed structure c

Operating systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/OperatingSystem

A software system that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides a platform for running applications
has super-classes
Software c
has sub-classes
Linux c, Mac OS c, Microsoft Windows c
is in range of
uses operating system op

Optical microscopec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/OpticalMicroscope

A type of microscope that commonly uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects or structures (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_microscope)
has super-classes
Microscope c

Optical transmittance measurementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OpticalTransmittanceMeasurement

Measurement of light transmission through aerogel at various wavelengths
An analysis that measures the fraction of incident light transmitted through a material at given wavelengths
has super-classes
Analysis c
is disjoint with
Compression testing c, Hydrophobicity testing c, Skeletal density measurement c, Thermal conductivity testing c

Organic aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OrganicAerogel

An aerogel in which the solid framework is composed of organic macromolecules (polymers, biopolymers) rather than inorganic networks or elemental carbon
An aerogel whose solid framework consists of an organic polymer network (e.g. resorcinol-formaldehyde, polyimide, cellulose). Distinguished from carbon aerogels by retention of organic functional groups and from inorganic aerogels by the absence of metal oxide or silica frameworks
has super-classes
Aerogel c
has sub-classes
Phenolic aerogel c
is disjoint with
Carbon aerogel c, Inorganic aerogel c

Organic precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OrganicPrecursor

A small organic molecule that polycondenses into an organic gel network (resorcinol-formaldehyde and related chemistries); the parent chemistry of organic and, after pyrolysis, carbon aerogels
An organic monomer that forms an organic polymer network by polycondensation in sol-gel synthesis
has super-classes
Precursor c
has sub-classes
Formaldehyde c, Furfural c, Lignin c, Melamine c, Phenol c, Resorcinol c, Tannin c

Organosilica aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OrganosilicaAerogel

An aerogel derived from organosilica precursors (e.g. MTMS, BTMSE) in which organic groups are covalently bonded within the silica network, imparting hydrophobicity and flexibility compared to pure silica aerogels
A hybrid aerogel in which organic functional groups are incorporated into the inorganic silica backbone via covalent Si–C bonds
has super-classes
Hybrid aerogel c
is disjoint with
Silica aerogel c

Organosilicon Compoundc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OrganosiliconCompound

Any compound containing silicon–carbon bonds; includes silanes, siloxanes, and silicon alkoxides used as precursors in sol–gel chemistry
A chemical compound containing at least one silicon-carbon bond
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c

Output datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/OutputData

Data generated by a device or produced as a result of a laboratory process, experiment, measurement, data analysis and other data tranformations
has super-classes
Data type c

Ovenc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Oven

A thermally insulated chamber used for drying, heating, or thermal treatment of materials at controlled temperatures. In aerogel processing, ovens are used for ambient pressure drying and post-treatment heat curing
A dryer consisting of a thermally insulated chamber for drying, heating, or thermal treatment at controlled temperature
has super-classes
Dryer c
is disjoint with
Freeze Dryer c, Supercritical dryer c

Overhead stirrerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OverheadStirrer

Mechanical stirring equipment mounted above container for mixing viscous solutions or gels
An instrument with a motor-driven impeller mounted above the vessel, used for mixing viscous solutions or gels
has super-classes
Instrument c

Oxalic acidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OxalicAcid

has super-classes
Acid catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Particle sizec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ParticleSize

The diameter or dimension of the primary particles making up the aerogel framework
A quantity representing the characteristic dimension of the primary particles composing a material framework
has super-classes
Length c
is in range of
has particle size op
is disjoint with
Density c, Duration c, Pore volume c, Surface area c, Volumetric Flow Rate c

Pectinc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Pectin

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Permeability (diffusion)c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Permeability-Diffusion

Describes the penetration of a permeate (a fluid such as a liquid, gas, or vapor) through a solid (such as a membrane); it is directly proportional the materials' diffusion coefficient and inversly proportional to the concentration or pressure gradient of the permeate P = V･d / (A･t･p) = D / p P = permeability (diffusion) V = Volume of the permeate [m³] d = thickness of the membrane [m] A = area of the membrane [m²] t = time of diffusion [s] p = pressure difference [atm] D = Diffusion coefficient = diffusivity [m²/s] The SI unit of the permeability (diffusion) is m²/(s･atm); the proportional unit E-10･cm²/(s･Torr) is commonly called Barrer.
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Molar permeability (diffusion) c, Permeability (earth science) c

Permeability (earth science)c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Permeability-EarthScience

The permeability multiplied by the permeating fluids' viscosity, it is commonly used for porous solids such as rocks k = eta･V･d / (A･t･p) = eta･nu･d/p = eta･D/p k = permeability (earth science) V = Volume of the permeate [m³] nu = velocity of the permeate [m/s] eta = dynamic viscosoty of the permeate [Pa･s] d = thickness of the rock [m] A = area of the rock [m²] t = time of diffusion [s] p = pressure difference [atm] D = Diffusion coefficient = diffusivity [m²/s] The SI unit of the permeability (earth science) is m², commonly called Darcy
has super-classes
Permeability (diffusion) c

Permeatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Permeate

The substance that passes through or penetrated the membrane
has super-classes
Role c

Personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Person

Person agents are people.
has super-classes
Agent c
has sub-classes
Person c

Personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Person

An individual human being
has super-classes
Independent continuant c, Person c

Personal local hard drivec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PersonalLocalHardDrive

A physical storage device directly connected to a personal computer that is used to store/manage digital data
has super-classes
Data repository c

Personal server drivec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PersonalServerDrive

A storage device connected to a dedicated server that is used to host/manage digital data
has super-classes
Data repository c

pH adjusterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PHAdjuster

A substance used to control pH during gelation or processing, such as acids or bases
A substance added to control the pH of a mixture during gelation or processing
has super-classes
Chemical entity c

pH conditionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PHCondition

The pH level maintained during a sol-gel process step (sol formation, gelation, aging). Acid conditions (pH 1-5) favour hydrolysis; base conditions (pH 7-10) favour condensation. pH is controlled by addition of acid or base catalysts. As a ProcessParameter this class is an om:Quantity, so the preferred value pattern is om:hasValue pointing to a dimensionless om:Measure (see gmat:PHValue); gmat:hasPHValue remains available as a datatype shortcut
A process parameter specifying the hydrogen ion concentration of the reaction medium, expressed on a scale of 0-14, that governs the relative rates of hydrolysis and condensation in sol-gel synthesis
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is in domain of
has pH value dp
is in range of
has pH condition op
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c

pH valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PHValue

The pH of a solution or reaction medium as a dimensionless quantity (0-14). Preferred over the datatype shortcut gmat:hasPHValue when the value should participate in the om:Quantity/om:Measure pattern; a gmat:PHCondition process parameter carries its magnitude as a PHValue-style dimensionless om:Measure
A dimensionless quantity representing the negative decadic logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity of a solution
has super-classes
Quantity c

Phase separationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PhaseSeparation

A gelation mechanism driven by the separation of phases within the sol
A gelation pathway in which network formation is driven by separation of the sol into distinct phases
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Phenolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Phenol

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Phenolic aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PhenolicAerogel

An organic aerogel derived from phenolic resin precursors
An organic aerogel derived from phenolic resin precursors such as resorcinol-formaldehyde
has super-classes
Organic aerogel c

Physical datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PhysicalData

Data in the form of physical objects, e.g. paper files
has super-classes
Data type c

Physical locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PhysicalLocation

A physical structure (e.g. building) or space (e.g. room) or place (e.g. geographical location)
has super-classes
Location c
has sub-classes
Building c, GeoLocation c, Laboratory c, Room c

Plasticc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Plastic

A synthetic or semi-synthetic material that use polymers as a main ingredient; due to plasticity, it can be molded, extruded or pressed into solid objects of various shapes. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic)
has super-classes
Polymer c
has sub-classes
Elastomer c, Thermoplastic c, Thermoset c

pointc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Point

A point is an element of an interval scale or a ratio scale, for example, 273.16 on the Kelvin scale indicates the triple point of water thermodynamic temperature.

Poisson ratioc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PoissonRatio

The negative ratio of transverse strain to axial strain under uniaxial load; a dimensionless elastic constant. Reported for aerogels to characterise their compressible, low-Poisson network (often 0.1-0.2)
The dimensionless ratio of transverse contraction strain to longitudinal extension strain in the direction of an applied uniaxial load
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has Poisson ratio op

Polyadditionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Polyaddition

An all-degree polymerisation that proceeds by addition reactions (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000643) A polymerisation in which the growth of polymer chains proceeds by addition reactions between molecules of all degrees of polymerisation (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/REX_0000266)
has super-classes
Polymer synthesis c

Polycondensationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Polycondensation

An all-degree polymerisation that proceeds by condensation reactions (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000644) Polymerization by a repeated condensation process (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/REX_0000252) Formation of a polymer by chemical condensation with the elimination of small molecules, e.g. water (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/polycondensation)
has super-classes
Polymer synthesis c
has sub-classes
Coupling reaction polycondensation c

Polyethoxydisiloxanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PEDS

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Polyimide aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PolyimideAerogel

An organic aerogel based on polyimide polymer chains
A polymer aerogel whose network is formed from polyimide chains
has super-classes
Polymer aerogel c

Polymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Polymer

A material made of long, macromolecular chains of repeating molecular units
has super-classes
Material entity c
has sub-classes
Copolymer c, Homopolymer c, Plastic c, Polymer blend c, Terpolymer c
is in domain of
has CAS nr dp, has IUPAC name dp

Polymer aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PolymerAerogel

An aerogel composed of organic polymer networks, such as resorcinol-formaldehyde, polyurethane, or polyimide aerogels
An aerogel whose solid network is composed of organic polymer chains
has super-classes
Aerogel c
has sub-classes
Biopolymer aerogel c, Polyimide aerogel c, Polyurethane aerogel c

Polymer blendc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PolymerBlend

A macroscopically homogeneous mixture of two or more polymers (homopolymers or copolymers) that have been blended together to create a new material with different physical properties (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials/special_issues/polymer_blend)
has super-classes
Polymer c

Polymer precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PolymerPrecursor

A monomer or oligomer that forms a synthetic polymer aerogel network by step-growth chemistry: dianhydrides and diamines (polyimide), isocyanates and polyols (polyurethane/polyurea)
A monomer or oligomer that forms a synthetic polymer network in polymer aerogel synthesis
has super-classes
Precursor c
has sub-classes
Diamine c, Dianhydride c, Isocyanate c, Polyol c

Polymer synthesisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PolymerSynthesis

A chemical reaction in which monomers are joined together by covalent bonding to form polymer structures (https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/en/applications/materials-science-and-engineering/polymer-synthesis)
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Chain growth polymerisation c, Polyaddition c, Polycondensation c

Polyolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Polyol

A polyfunctional alcohol that reacts with isocyanates to form the polyurethane network of polyurethane aerogels
A polyfunctional alcohol monomer that forms polyurethane networks with isocyanates
has super-classes
Polymer precursor c

Polyurethane aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PolyurethaneAerogel

An aerogel based on a polyurethane polymer network formed by the reaction of polyisocyanates with polyols
A polymer aerogel whose network is formed by the reaction of polyisocyanates with polyols
has super-classes
Polymer aerogel c

Pore size distributionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PoreSizeDistribution

A statistical description of the range and frequency of pore sizes within a porous material, typically determined by BJH analysis or mercury intrusion porosimetry. Aerogels predominantly feature mesopores (2-50 nm)
A material property describing the statistical distribution of pore sizes within a porous material, typically characterised by BJH analysis of N₂ adsorption isotherms.
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has pore size distribution op

Pore volumec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PoreVolume

The volume of open pores per unit mass of a porous material, as reported in the literature from N2 physisorption (total pore volume at p/p0 ~ 0.99) or mercury intrusion; conventionally given in cm3/g (= 0.001 m3/kg). A specific (mass-normalised) volume, hence placed directly under om:Quantity rather than om:Volume, with canonical unit m3/kg
A quantity representing the total volume of open pores per unit mass of a porous material
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has pore volume op
is disjoint with
Density c, Duration c, Particle size c, Surface area c, Volumetric Flow Rate c

Porod exponentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PorodExponent

The power-law exponent P of the scattering intensity, I(q) ∝ q^(−P), in the high-q region. Directly read from the scattering slope: 1 ≤ P ≤ 3 indicates a mass fractal (P = Dm), while 3 < P ≤ 4 indicates a surface fractal (P = 6 − Ds), with P = 4 for a smooth (Porod) interface
The dimensionless power-law exponent of small-angle scattering intensity versus q, from which the mass fractal (P = Dm) or surface fractal (P = 6 − Ds) dimension is derived
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has Porod exponent op

Porosityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Porosity

The ratio of void volume to total volume in a porous material, expressed as a fraction or percentage. Aerogels typically exhibit porosity > 90%, which directly impacts their thermal, acoustic, and mechanical properties
A material property quantity representing the fraction of void space in a material relative to its total volume; expressed as an om:Measure with unit fraction (0–1) or percent.
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has porosity op

Porosity measurementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PorosityMeasurement

Measurement of pore volume, pore size distribution, and surface area, typically using BET or BJH methods
An analysis that determines pore volume, pore size distribution, or related textural properties of a porous material
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
BET analysis c, BJH analysis c, Mercury intrusion porosimetry c

Precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Precursor

A chemical entity that is chemically converted into the solid network of a gel during sol-gel synthesis. Grouped by material family: silica, metal oxide, organic, polymer, and biopolymer precursors. The function in a specific step is additionally stated through the role pattern (prov:hadRole some gmat:PrecursorRole)
A chemical entity that reacts to form the solid network of a gel in sol-gel synthesis
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Biopolymer precursor c, Metal oxide precursor c, Organic precursor c, Polymer precursor c, Silica precursor c

Precursor rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PrecursorRole

The role of a substance that is chemically converted into the solid network of the gel (e.g. TEOS in a silica synthesis, resorcinol and formaldehyde in an RF synthesis)
A role borne by a substance that serves as the network-forming reactant of a sol-gel synthesis step
has super-classes
Role c

Pressurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Pressure

Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area. In sol-gel processing it covers autoclave and supercritical drying pressures, vacuum levels, and gas pressures. Declared locally so the class is available without resolving the OM-2 import
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has pressure op

Pressure increasec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/PressureIncrease

Measuring the time until reaching a certain permeate pressure during a gas permeability measurement on a membrane. For a single experiment, the feed pressure is set at the beginning and decreases over time due to permeatation. (https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes9020022)
has super-classes
Membrane performance for gases c

Pressure Platec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PressurePlate

A device to apply and distribute a precise, uniform compressive load.
An instrument that applies and distributes a precise, uniform compressive load to a specimen
has super-classes
Instrument c

Pressure profilec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PressureProfile

Pressure conditions including set points, ramp rates, and hold times during a process
A process parameter representing the pressure conditions of a process, including set points, ramp rates, and hold times
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, pH condition c, Stirring rate c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c

Pressure vesselc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PressureVessel

Container designed to hold gases or liquids at pressure different from ambient
Equipment consisting of a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from ambient
has super-classes
Equipment c

Pressurizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Pressurization

Controlled increase of pressure during supercritical drying to bring the drying fluid above its critical point, typically performed at controlled ramp rate
A sample preparation step in which pressure is increased in a controlled manner, in supercritical drying bringing the drying fluid above its critical point
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
is disjoint with
Depressurization c

Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Procedure

An executed procedure consisting of a set of activities carried out as the accepted way of doing something. This class denotes the occurrent that unfolds in time, not the recipe/plan that prescribes it — for the latter, see gmat:SynthesisProtocol. Axioms deliberately match Polymat 1.1.0 (BFO occurrent + prov:Entity) so that resolving the owl:imports of Polymat does not introduce conflicting redeclarations. Note: Procedure is placed under BFO occurrent (BFO_0000003) rather than BFO process (BFO_0000015) because Polymat maps BFO_0000015 to prov:Activity, which PROV-O declares disjoint from prov:Entity.
has super-classes
Entity c, occurrent c
has sub-classes
Computational model c, Method c
is in domain of
realizes protocol op, requiresEquipment op

processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015

(Elucidation) p is a process means p is an occurrent that has some temporal proper part and for some time t, p has some material entity as participant
Example 
An act of selling; the life of an organism; a process of sleeping; a process of cell-division; a beating of the heart; a process of meiosis; the taxiing of an aircraft; the programming of a computer
has super-classes
Activity c, occurrent c
has sub-classes
Calculation c, Experiment c, Experiment request submission c
is in domain of
has input op

Process parameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ProcessParameter

A quality (in the BFO sense) that characterises the material inputs or setup of a synthesis process — e.g. a molar or volume ratio of reagents, a pH condition, or a stirring rate. Modelled as a quality that inheres in an independent continuant (typically the reacting mixture / sol), carrying its numeric magnitude via an om:Measure. Achieved, per-run values (not plan prescriptions). Also a subclass of om:Quantity (itself under pmat:Feature), so that process parameters can carry values via om:hasValue and satisfy the pmat:Feature domain of pmat:isParameterOf.
A quality inhering in an independent continuant that characterises the material inputs or setup of a synthesis process, recording an achieved per-run value
has super-classes
B F O 0000019 c, Quantity c
has sub-classes
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, Observed parameter c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Target concentration c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c, pH condition c

Processed datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ProcessedData

Data derived from raw data through various transformations, calculations, filtering or other operations
has super-classes
Data type c

Productc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Product

A substance that results from a chemical reaction
has super-classes
Role c

Proprietary softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ProprietarySoftware

A (closed-source) computer software that is considered a property of its creators or owners and is distributed under licences that restrict access to its source code
has super-classes
Software c

Protocolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Protocol

An official or formal record of an experiment, procedure or process
has super-classes
Document c

Publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Publication

A book (or a part of it), report or a similar format that is published
has super-classes
Document c

Pumpc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Pump

An electric instrument that builds pressure to move a fluid
has super-classes
Instrument c
has sub-classes
Syringe Pump c, Vacuum pump c

Pycnometerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Pycnometer

Device for measuring volume and density of materials, typically using helium displacement
An instrument that measures the volume and density of a material, typically by gas displacement
has super-classes
Instrument c

Pyrolysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Pyrolysis

Thermal decomposition of an organic aerogel in inert atmosphere (N2, Ar), typically 600-1100 degC, converting it into a carbon aerogel
A thermal treatment in inert atmosphere that decomposes an organic network into carbon; the route from organic to carbon aerogels
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Quantityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Quantity

A quantity is a representation of a quantifiable (standardised) aspect (such as length, mass, and time) of a phenomenon (e.g., a star, a molecule, or a food product). Quantities are classified according to similarity in their (implicit) metrological aspect, e.g. the length of my table and the length of my chair are both classified as length.
has super-classes
Feature c
has sub-classes
Activation energy c, Amount of substance concentration c, Arrhenius pre-exponential factor c, Characteristic peak value of EDX spectrum c, Characteristic peak value of FTIR spectrum c, Coefficient of determination c, Contact angle c, Density c, Diffusion coefficient c, Fractal dimension c, Heating rate c, Length c, Mass concentration c, Mass fraction c, Modulus of elasticity c, Permeability (diffusion) c, Poisson ratio c, Pore size distribution c, Pore volume c, Porod exponent c, Porosity c, Pressure c, Process parameter c, Shrinkage c, Solubility c, Specific heat capacity c, Stress c, Stress c, Surface area c, Temperature c, Thermal conductivity c, Thermal diffusivity c, Thermal expansion coefficient c, Time c, Transmittance c, Ultimate tensile strength c, Volume c, Volumetric Flow Rate c, pH value c
is in domain of
has value op, measured by op

Radical polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/RadicalPolymerisation

A chain polymerisation in which the active centers are radicals (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000639)
has super-classes
Chain growth polymerisation c
has sub-classes
Atom transfer radical polymerisation c, Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerisation c, Stable radical-mediated polymerisation c

Raman spectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/RamanSpectroscopy

Raman scattering spectroscopy; for carbon aerogels the D/G band ratio quantifies graphitisation, for oxides it identifies phases
An analysis that records inelastic (Raman) light scattering to characterise molecular and lattice vibrations
has super-classes
Analysis c

Random copolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/RandomCopolymer

A copolymer consisting of macromolecules in which the probability of finding a given monomeric unit at any given site in the chain is independent of the nature of the adjacent units (https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/R05126)
has super-classes
Copolymer c

Ratio Valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/RatioValue

A value node representing the numerical proportion between substances in a ratio; a dimensionless om:Measure pointed to by a ProcessParameter quality, not a quality itself. Single-valued ratios carry om:hasNumericalValue (xsd:double, unit om:one; two-part ratio a:b = a/b) for numeric querying, alongside the display string in gmat:hasRatioString. Multi-component ratios (e.g. '1:10:4:4') are represented by the string only.
A dimensionless measure holding the numerical proportion between substances in a ratio, referenced by a process parameter quality
has super-classes
measure c
is in domain of
has ratio string dp

Raw datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/RawData

Original, unprocessed data collected directly from experiment
Original, unprocessed data collected directly from an experiment
has super-classes
Data type c

Reactantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Reactant

A substance that is consumed in a chemical reaction
has super-classes
Role c

realizable entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017

(Elucidation) A realizable entity is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region & which is of a type some instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type
Example 
The role of being a doctor; the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet; the function of your reproductive organs; the disposition of your blood to coagulate; the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity
has super-classes
specifically dependent continuant c
has sub-classes
Application c, Role c

Recipec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Recipe

A specification of ingredients, proportions and methods necessary to produce an expected product
has super-classes
Document c

Reinforcementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Reinforcement

A material embedded in an aerogel matrix as a reinforcing or functional filler phase - fibres, nanocarbons, clays. Linked from a gmat:CompositeAerogel with gmat:hasReinforcement; the function in a synthesis step is stated with prov:hadRole some gmat:ReinforcementRole
A substance incorporated into a composite aerogel as reinforcing or functional filler phase
has super-classes
Substance c
has sub-classes
Carbon fibre c, Carbon nanotube c, Cellulose fibre c, Clay c, Glass fibre c, Graphene oxide c

Reinforcement rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ReinforcementRole

The role of a substance embedded as a reinforcing or filler phase in a composite (e.g. glass fibre, cellulose fibre, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes)
A role borne by a substance incorporated into a composite to improve its mechanical or functional properties
has super-classes
Role c

Requestc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Request

A document providing information about procedure (e.g. laboratory test) being requested for
has super-classes
Document c

Residual solventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/IncompleteDrying

The defect state of residual solvent or moisture remaining in the aerogel pores after the drying step. Denotes the persisting residual-liquid feature of the material, not the (incomplete) drying process itself.
An aerogel defect consisting of residual solvent or moisture remaining in the pore network of the material after drying
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c
is disjoint with
Crack c, Non-uniform structure c, Opacity c, Collapsed structure c

Resorcinolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Resorcinol

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Result

The outcome or findings obtained from conducting an experiment, representing data, measurements, observations or conclusions from the laboratory procedure
has super-classes
Data type c

Retentatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Retentate

The substance that is retained by and not passing through a membrane
has super-classes
Role c

Retentionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Retention

Withholding a substance by a membrane
has super-classes
Membrane performance for liquids c

Retention test setupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/RetentionTestSetup

Equipment to measure the retention of a certain molecule when permeating in a solution through a membrane
has super-classes
Liquid permeation equipment c

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/RAFTPolymerisation

A type of living polymerisation involving a conventional radical polymerisation which is mediated by a RAFT agent (a thiocarbonylthio compound); this affords control over the generated molecular weight and polydispersity (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversible_addition%E2%88%92fragmentation_chain-transfer_polymerization)
has super-classes
Radical polymerisation c

Rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023

(Elucidation) A role b is a realizable entity such that b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be & b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed
Example 
The priest role; the student role; the role of subject in a clinical trial; the role of a stone in marking a property boundary; the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighbouring administrative territories; the role of a building in serving as a military target
has super-classes
realizable entity c
has sub-classes
Role c
is in range of
has role op

Rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Role

the function of an entity or agent with respect to an activity, in the context of a usage, generation, invalidation, association, start, and end
has sub-classes
Role c
is in range of
hadRole op

Rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Role

A purpose that something has or a function that something plays in a particular situation, under certain conditions, within a given process etc.
has super-classes
Role c, Role c
has sub-classes
Author c, Catalyst c, Clerk c, Client c, Crosslinker role c, Drying control additive role c, Feed c, Gelling agent role c, Inhibitor c, Initiator c, Maintainer c, Permeate c, Precursor role c, Product c, Reactant c, Reinforcement role c, Retentate c, Silylation agent role c, Solute c, Solvent c, Supercritical fluid role c, Surfactant role c, User c

Roomc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Room

A portion of space inside of a building separated by walls or partitions from other parts
has super-classes
Physical location c

Runtime environmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/RuntimeEnvironment

A piece of software that is designed to run other software
has super-classes
Software c
is in range of
uses runtime environment op

Samplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Sample

A small subset or portion of an object used to represent the whole of it
has super-classes
Substance c

Sample preparationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/SamplePreparation

An action of creating a sample or getting it ready for some procedure
has super-classes
Method c
has sub-classes
Casting c, Coating c, Cooling c, Depressurization c, Dissolving c, Downsizing c, Drying c, Freeze casting c, Impregnation c, Ion exchange c, Mixing c, Pressurization c, Solvent exchange c, Sonication c, Surface modification c, Washing cycle c
is in domain of
transformsGel op

Scanning electron microscopec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ScanningElectronMicroscope

A piece of equipment which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen by scanning a finely focused (<10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50–150 kV across the specimen under vacuum and measuring the interaction of the electrons with the specimen (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0000941)
has super-classes
Microscope c

Secondary electron detectorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/SecondaryElectronDetector

An instrument that absorbs and amplifies secondary electrons in an electron microscope
has super-classes
Instrument c

Secure datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/SecureData

Data with sensitive or confidential content that needs to be protected from unauthorised access, loss, or alteration
has super-classes
Data type c

Selectivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Selectivity

The ratio of permeability of the relevant substances for a membrane, for example, in a binary gas separation it is the permeability ratio of two gases. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_gas_separation#:~:text=The%20selectivity%20of%20a%20membrane,two%20gases%20in%20binary%20separation)
has super-classes
Membrane performance for gases c

Shrinkagec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Shrinkage

The relative dimensional change (linear or volumetric) of a gel during the drying process, expressed as a fraction or percentage. High shrinkage indicates capillary-force-driven pore collapse, common in ambient pressure drying
A material property quantity representing the linear dimensional change of a gel or aerogel during processing (drying, aging) relative to the original gel dimension; expressed as an om:Measure with unit percent.
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has linear shrinkage op

Silanolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Silanol

A silicon hydroxide species (Si-OH) formed as an intermediate during hydrolysis of silicon alkoxide precursors. Silanols undergo condensation to form siloxane (Si-O-Si) bonds and build the gel network
An intermediate species containing a silicon-bound hydroxyl group (Si-OH), the key reactive monomer formed by hydrolysis of silicon alkoxides in sol-gel processing
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is in range of
has intermediate product op

Silica aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SilicaAerogel

An aerogel with a pure silicon dioxide (SiO₂) backbone, typically produced from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) or tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS) via the sol-gel process followed by supercritical drying
An inorganic aerogel in which the solid network consists predominantly of amorphous SiO₂, giving low density (0.003–0.35 g/cm³), high surface area (> 500 m²/g), and low thermal conductivity
has super-classes
Inorganic aerogel c
is disjoint with
Organosilica aerogel c

Silica precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SilicaPrecursor

A precursor that yields a silica (SiO2) or organosilica network, comprising silicon alkoxides (TEOS, TMOS, MTMS, ...) and silicates (sodium silicate / water glass)
A precursor whose hydrolysis and condensation yield a silica or organosilica network
has super-classes
Precursor c
has sub-classes
Silicate precursor c, Silicon alkoxide precursor c

Silicate precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SilicatePrecursor

An inorganic silicate salt used as a low-cost silica source, typically requiring an ion exchange or acid neutralisation step to remove the alkali cations before or during gelation
An inorganic silicate used as a silica source in the water-glass route to silica gels
has super-classes
Silica precursor c
has sub-classes
Sodium silicate c

Silicon alkoxide precursorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SiliconAlkoxidePrecursor

A subclass of organosilicon compounds with silicon bound to alkoxy groups (Si–OR); commonly employed as sol–gel precursors for silica networks
A silicon compound bearing hydrolysable alkoxy groups (Si-OR), employed as a sol-gel precursor for silica or organosilica networks
has super-classes
Organosilicon Compound c, Silica precursor c
has sub-classes
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane c, (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane c, 1,2-Bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane c, Methyltriethoxysilane c, Polyethoxydisiloxane c, Tetraethoxysilane c, Tetramethoxysilane c, Trimethoxymethylsilane c, Vinyltrimethoxysilane c

Silylation agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SilylationAgent

A reactive organosilicon compound used to replace silanol surface groups with alkylsilyl groups, rendering the gel surface hydrophobic. Applied during surface modification before ambient pressure drying. Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state the function in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a gmat:SilylationAgentRole]
A reactive organosilicon compound that replaces surface silanol groups with alkylsilyl groups, rendering a gel surface hydrophobic
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Hexamethyldisilazane c, Trimethylchlorosilane c
is in range of
has silylation agent op

Silylation agent rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SilylationAgentRole

The role of a substance that silylates surface silanol groups during a surface modification step; distinct from the convenience substance class gmat:SilylationAgent
A role borne by a substance that replaces surface silanol groups with alkylsilyl groups during surface modification
has super-classes
Role c

Sinteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Sintering

High-temperature densification of a porous network by viscous flow or diffusion below the melting point; used deliberately for densification or as an unwanted effect limiting the service temperature of aerogels
A thermal treatment that densifies a porous solid by particle coalescence below the melting point
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Skeletal densityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SkeletalDensity

The mass of a porous body divided by the volume of its solid skeleton only, excluding open pore space; determined by helium pycnometry (gmat:SkeletalDensityMeasurement). Typically 1800-2200 kg/m3 (1.8-2.2 g/cm3) for silica aerogels
The density of the solid skeleton of a porous material, computed over the skeletal volume that excludes open pores; measured by gas displacement (helium) pycnometry
has super-classes
Density c
is in range of
has skeletal density op
is disjoint with
Bulk density c, Tap density c

Skeletal density measurementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SkeletalDensityMeasurement

Measurement of true density of solid material in aerogel, typically using helium pycnometry
An analysis that determines the density of the solid skeleton of a porous material, typically by helium pycnometry
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
Helium pycnometry c
is disjoint with
Compression testing c, Hydrophobicity testing c, Optical transmittance measurement c, Thermal conductivity testing c

Slabc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Slabs

A flat, thick piece of material, typically rectangular in shape, often used for thermal conductivity measurements.
A sample geometry consisting of a flat, thick, typically rectangular piece, often used for thermal conductivity measurements
has super-classes
Geometry c
is disjoint with
Beads c, Dog Bone c, Monolith c

Small-angle neutron scatteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SANS

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Small-angle X-ray scatteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SAXS

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Sodium carbonatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumCarbonate

has super-classes
Base Catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Sodium hydroxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumHydroxide

has super-classes
Base Catalyst c
is also defined as
named individual

Sodium silicatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumSilicate

has super-classes
Silicate precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Software

A set of instructions, data or programs used by a computer
has super-classes
Entity c, Object c
has sub-classes
ELN c, FOSS software c, Inhouse software c, Operating system c, Proprietary software c, Runtime environment c
is in domain of
has version dp, uses operating system op, uses runtime environment op

Solc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Sol

A colloidal suspension of solid particles in a liquid, formed during the initial stage of sol-gel synthesis before gelation occurs
A colloidal suspension of solid particles dispersed in a liquid, constituting the initial stage of sol-gel synthesis prior to gelation
has super-classes
Substance c

Sol concentrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolConcentration

The molar or mass concentration of the precursor monomer in the sol (mol/L or wt%). Controls the density and pore volume of the final aerogel
The molar or mass concentration of the precursor monomer in the starting sol, governing the density of the resulting aerogel; higher concentrations yield denser, stronger, less porous aerogels
has super-classes
Amount of substance concentration c
is in range of
has sol concentration op

Sol formationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolFormation

Process of creating a colloidal suspension (sol) by mixing precursors, solvents, and catalysts before gelation. Comprises hydrolysis of alkoxide groups and condensation of silanol intermediates
The first stage of sol-gel synthesis in which precursor molecules undergo hydrolysis and initial condensation to form a stable colloidal suspension (sol) of nanoscale particles or oligomers in a solvent
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Hydrolysis c
is in domain of
has intermediate product op
is disjoint with
Aerogel synthesis c, Aging c, Gelation c

Sol-gel polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolGelPolymerisation

A gelation pathway involving the polymerization of precursors via sol-gel chemistry
A gelation pathway in which the network forms by polymerisation of precursors via hydrolysis and condensation reactions
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Sol-gel transitionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolGelTransition

The gel point event at which the sol loses fluidity and transitions to a solid gel network due to percolation of the condensing silica network. Characterised by a sharp increase in viscosity and loss of flow. Placed under gmat:CreationProcess (not under gmat:Gelation, whose usesSubstance existentials would be wrongly inherited by an instantaneous event) so that it is visible to anything that enumerates synthesis steps; the containment in gelation is expressed by gmat:Gelation asserting BFO_0000051 (has part) some SolGelTransition
The critical event (gel point) at which percolation of the condensing network spans the reaction volume, converting the flowable sol into a solid gel; marked by divergence of viscosity and loss of steady-state flow
has super-classes
Creation process c

Solid-state NMR spectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolidStateNMR

Solid-state NMR spectroscopy (29Si, 13C, 27Al); 29Si Q/T-species ratios quantify network connectivity (gmat:NetworkConnectivity) and condensation degree; performed on a pmat:NMRSpectrometer
An analysis that records nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of solid samples, typically under magic-angle spinning
has super-classes
Analysis c

Solubilityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Solubility

The ability of a substance, the solute, to form a solution with another substance, the solvent (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility)
has super-classes
Quantity c

Solutec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Solute

A solid or liquid that is dissolved homogeneously in a liquid
has super-classes
Role c

Solventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Solvent

A liquid (including water and ionic liquids) that is able to dissolve a solid or another liquid
has super-classes
Role c

Solvent exchangec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SolventExchange

Process of systematically replacing pore liquid in wet gel structures (hydrogels or alcogels) with a more volatile or supercritical-compatible solvent through multiple washing cycles
A sample preparation step in which the pore liquid of a wet gel is progressively replaced by a target solvent (e.g. ethanol, acetone, or liquid CO2) to remove water and residual reactants before drying
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
is in domain of
has exchange count dp

Sonicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Sonication

Application of ultrasound to disperse particles (fibres, GO, CNT) in a sol, accelerate hydrolysis, or degas a mixture
A sample preparation step in which ultrasound is applied to disperse, mix, or degas a liquid system
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

spatial regionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006

(Elucidation) A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant part of the spatial projection of a portion of spacetime at a given time
Example 
As for zero-dimensional spatial region, one-dimensional spatial region, two-dimensional spatial region, three-dimensional spatial region
has super-classes
Immaterial entity c

Specific heat capacityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/SpecificHeatCapacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of substance by one kelvin. Declared locally so that gmat:SpecificHeatCapacity remains under om:Quantity even when the OM-2 import is not resolved
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Specific heat capacity c

Specific heat capacityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SpecificHeatCapacity

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of material by one degree, typically expressed in J/(kg*K). Relevant for aerogel thermal energy storage applications
A material property quantity representing the heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of material by one kelvin; expressed as an om:Measure with unit J/(kg·K).
has super-classes
Specific heat capacity c
is in range of
has specific heat capacity op

Specific surface area measurementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SpecificSurfaceAreaMeasurement

Measurement of specific surface area of porous materials, typically performed using gas adsorption methods such as BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) analysis
An analysis that determines the specific surface area of a porous material, typically by gas physisorption
has super-classes
Analysis c

specifically dependent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020

b is a specifically dependent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region & which is such that b specifically depends on c
Example 
(with multiple bearers) John's love for Mary; the ownership relation between John and this statue; the relation of authority between John and his subordinates
(with one bearer) The mass of this tomato; the pink colour of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its centre; the smell of this portion of mozzarella; the disposition of this fish to decay; the role of being a doctor; the function of this heart to pump blood; the shape of this hole
has super-classes
continuant c
has sub-classes
Feature c, realizable entity c
is in range of
has characteristic op

Specimenc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Specimen

An individual object taken for study or analysis, representing a class of objects
has super-classes
Substance c

Spectrometerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Spectrometer

A piece of equipment used to measure a spectrum (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001234)
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Fourier-transformed infrared spectrometer c, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer c

Springback failurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SpringbackFailure

Incomplete recovery of pore volume after capillary compression during ambient pressure drying; the gel does not fully spring back to its wet-gel dimensions due to insufficient surface silylation or network weakness
An aerogel defect in which the gel network fails to recover its original pore volume after capillary compression during ambient pressure drying, due to insufficient hydrophobisation or network weakness, yielding higher density and lower surface area than expected
has super-classes
Aerogel defect c

Stable radical-mediated polymerisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/SRMPPolymerisation

A radical polymerisation method used to synthesize polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions and reactive end groups on each polymer chain; astabilized radical (e.g., TEMPO) is applied to control the molecular weight (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_Free_Radical_Polymerization) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_polymerization)
has super-classes
Radical polymerisation c

Starchc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Starch

has super-classes
Biopolymer precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Stirringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Stirring

Mechanical agitation of a solution or sol at a controlled stirring rate (gmat:StirringRate) using magnetic or overhead stirrers
A mixing step performed by mechanical agitation at a controlled stirring rate
has super-classes
Mixing c

Stirring ratec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/StirringRate

Rotation speed of stirring mechanism during mixing, typically measured in RPM
A process parameter representing the rotation speed of the stirring mechanism during mixing
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, pH condition c, Pressure profile c, Temperature profile c, Volume Ratio c

Stock solutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/StockSolution

A concentrated solution prepared in advance and stored for repeated use in synthesis procedures to ensure consistency across multiple experiments
A concentrated solution of defined composition prepared in advance and stored for repeated use in synthesis procedures
has super-classes
Substance c

Stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Stress

Stress is the internal force per unit area within a material that arises from externally applied forces. Declared locally so that gmat:FlexuralStrength and om:CompressiveStress remain under om:Quantity even when the OM-2 import is not resolved
is equivalent to
Stress c
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Compressive stress c, Flexural strength c

Stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Stress

A measure of the forces acting on an object during deformation (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)) Equivalent to om:Stress, which Gelmat declares locally as the parent of om:CompressiveStress and gmat:FlexuralStrength; the equivalence keeps the Polymat and OM stress hierarchies merged under one concept
has super-classes
Quantity c

Supercritical CO2c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalCO2

has super-classes
Supercritical fluid c
is disjoint with
Supercritical ethanol c
is also defined as
named individual

Supercritical dryerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalDryer

Specialized equipment for supercritical drying that heats and pressurizes fluid (typically CO2) above its critical point to extract solvents from gel materials
A dryer that heats and pressurises a fluid above its critical point to extract pore solvent from a gel without capillary stress
has super-classes
Dryer c
is disjoint with
Freeze Dryer c, Oven c

Supercritical dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalDrying

Drying method using supercritical fluid (typically CO2) to remove solvent from porous materials while preserving the nanoscale structure by avoiding capillary forces
A drying method in which the pore liquid is brought above its critical temperature and pressure before venting to gas phase, eliminating the liquid-vapour interface and thus capillary stress, preserving the aerogel network
has super-classes
Drying c
has sub-classes
High-temperature supercritical drying c
is in domain of
usesSupercriticalFluid op
is disjoint with
Ambient pressure drying c, Freeze drying c, Microwave drying c, Vacuum drying c

Supercritical ethanolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalEthanol

Ethanol in supercritical state (above 241°C and 61.4 bar), alternative to CO2 for aerogel drying
Ethanol in the supercritical state, used as a high-temperature alternative drying medium in supercritical drying of gels
has super-classes
Supercritical fluid c
is disjoint with
Supercritical CO2 c

Supercritical fluidc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalFluid

A substance at temperature and pressure above its critical point, exhibiting properties between gas and liquid phases
A substance held at a temperature and pressure above its critical point, exhibiting properties intermediate between those of a gas and a liquid
has super-classes
Substance c
has sub-classes
Supercritical CO2 c, Supercritical ethanol c
is in range of
usesSupercriticalFluid op

Supercritical fluid rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalFluidRole

The role of a substance used in its supercritical state as the extraction medium of a supercritical drying step (typically CO2 or ethanol)
A role borne by a substance that serves as the supercritical extraction medium in a supercritical drying step
has super-classes
Role c

Surface areac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SurfaceArea

The specific surface area (BET) of a porous material in m2/g, measured by N2 physisorption and analysis of the adsorption isotherm using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model. Aerogels typically exhibit 200-1000 m2/g
The total internal and external surface area of a porous material per unit mass, determined by BET N2 physisorption; the primary indicator of aerogel texture and catalytic or adsorption capacity
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has surface area op
is disjoint with
Density c, Duration c, Particle size c, Pore volume c, Volumetric Flow Rate c

Surface fractal dimensionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SurfaceFractalDimension

The fractal dimension Ds describing the roughness/self-similarity of the solid-pore interface, obtained from the Porod region of the scattering curve, I(q) ∝ q^(−(6−Ds)). Values 2 ≤ Ds < 3, where Ds = 2 denotes a smooth surface and values toward 3 denote an increasingly rough, space-filling interface
The surface fractal dimension (2 ≤ Ds ≤ 3) obtained from the Porod region of a SAXS/SANS curve, quantifying the roughness of the solid-pore interface
has super-classes
Fractal dimension c
is in range of
has surface fractal dimension op
is disjoint with
Mass fractal dimension c

Surface modificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SurfaceModification

Chemical treatment to alter aerogel surface properties, such as hydrophobization or functionalization
Chemical treatment of the internal pore surfaces of a wet gel to alter surface chemistry, typically to introduce hydrophobic groups that prevent capillary collapse during ambient pressure drying
has super-classes
Sample preparation c
has sub-classes
Surface silylation c
is in domain of
has silylation agent op

Surface silylationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SurfaceSilylation

Chemical modification of wet gel surface Si-OH groups by reaction with a silylating agent (TMCS, HMDS) to replace surface hydroxyls with hydrophobic alkylsilyl groups. Essential pre-treatment before ambient pressure drying to prevent capillary collapse
A surface modification step in which surface silanol groups (Si-OH) react with a chlorosilane or silazane reagent (e.g. TMCS, HMDS) to install hydrophobic trialkylsilyl groups, enabling ambient pressure drying
has super-classes
Surface modification c

Surfactantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Surfactant

A surface-active agent used to stabilize emulsions or modify interfacial properties in synthesis. Convenience class typed by chemical nature; the primary way to state the function in a given step is the role pattern: step gmat:usesSubstance substance, substance prov:hadRole [a gmat:SurfactantRole]
A surface-active agent that lowers interfacial tension, used to stabilise emulsions or modify interfacial properties during synthesis
has super-classes
Chemical entity c

Surfactant rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SurfactantRole

The role of a substance acting as a surface-active agent (emulsion stabiliser, pore templating agent) in a given step; distinct from the convenience substance class gmat:Surfactant
A role borne by a substance that lowers interfacial tension or templates porosity during a synthesis step
has super-classes
Role c

Synthesis protocolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SynthesisProtocol

A plan specification (recipe/protocol) that prescribes how a sol-gel synthesis is to be carried out. As a generically dependent continuant it is the reusable, copyable information artifact that a concrete synthesis process (an occurrent) realises. Distinguishes the recipe from any individual run of it.
A generically dependent continuant that is an information artifact prescribing the ordered activities, materials, and conditions for carrying out a sol-gel synthesis; realised by one or more concrete synthesis processes.
has super-classes
generically dependent continuant c
is in range of
realizes protocol op

Syringe Pumpc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SyringePump

A precision fluid delivery device that uses a motor-driven plunger to dispense exact volumes at controlled flow rates. Used in aerogel synthesis for controlled addition of reagents or for supercritical fluid delivery
A pump that dispenses precise fluid volumes at controlled flow rates by means of a motor-driven plunger
has super-classes
Pump c
is disjoint with
Vacuum pump c

Tanninc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Tannin

has super-classes
Organic precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Tap densityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TapDensity

The bulk density of a powder or granulate after mechanical tapping of the container until no further volume change occurs; relevant for aerogel powders, beads, and granulates
The density of a powder or granular material measured after tapping the container to a constant volume
has super-classes
Density c
is disjoint with
Bulk density c, Skeletal density c

Target concentrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/TargetConcentration

A designed or nominal concentration for a reagent in a synthesis, as distinct from the achieved concentration. Deviations arise from weighing or volumetric uncertainties
has super-classes
Process parameter c

TEM imagingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TEMImaging

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Temperaturec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Temperature

Temperature is the extent to which an object is hot
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Boiling point c, Crystallization temperature c, Glass transition temperature c, Melting temperature c

Temperature profilec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TemperatureProfile

Temperature conditions including set points, ramp rates, and hold times during a process. Use this class only for temperature programmes (ramps, multi-segment profiles); a single constant temperature value should be modelled as an om:Temperature instance linked to the process with pmat:isParameterOf
A process parameter representing the temperature conditions of a process, including set points, ramp rates, and hold times
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, pH condition c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Volume Ratio c

Temperature rampingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TemperatureRamping

Controlled heating or cooling process during synthesis or drying
A creation process step in which temperature is increased or decreased at a controlled rate during synthesis or drying
has super-classes
Thermal treatment c

Tensile Clampsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TensileClamps

A tool specialized to securely hold a specimen while a pulling (tensile) force is applied.
An instrument that securely grips a specimen while a tensile force is applied
has super-classes
Instrument c

Tensile testc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/TensileTest

A standardized materials science and engineering method in which a solid sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure; properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation, and reduction in area; from these measurements the following properties can also be determined: Young's modulus (modulus of elasticity), Poisson's ratio, yield strength, and strain-hardening characteristics (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensile_testing)
has super-classes
Analysis c

Terpolymerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Terpolymer

A polymer that results from copolymerization of three discrete monomers (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/terpolymer)
has super-classes
Polymer c

Tetraethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Tetraethoxysilane

has super-classes
Monomer c, Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Tetramethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TMOS

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Thermal conductivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/ThermalConductivity

Thermal conductivity is the property of a material to conduct heat. Declared locally so that gmat:ThermalConductivity remains under om:Quantity even when the OM-2 import is not resolved
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Thermal conductivity c

Thermal conductivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalConductivity

The property of a material to conduct heat, defined as the rate of heat flow through a unit thickness per unit area per unit temperature difference. For aerogels, low thermal conductivity is a key performance metric, with values typically in the range 0.012-0.025 W/(m*K)
A material property quantity representing the rate of heat transfer through a material; expressed as an om:Measure with unit W/(m·K). Lower values indicate better thermal insulation.
has super-classes
Thermal conductivity c
is in range of
has thermal conductivity op

Thermal conductivity testingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalConductivityTesting

Measurement of heat transfer properties through aerogel material
An analysis that measures the heat transport properties of a material
has super-classes
Analysis c
has sub-classes
Guarded hot plate method c, Heat flow meter method c, Laser flash analysis c, Transient hot wire method c
is disjoint with
Compression testing c, Hydrophobicity testing c, Optical transmittance measurement c, Skeletal density measurement c

Thermal diffusivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/ThermalDiffusivity

Thermal diffusivity is the thermal conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. Declared locally so that gmat:ThermalDiffusivity remains under om:Quantity even when the OM-2 import is not resolved
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Thermal diffusivity c

Thermal diffusivityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalDiffusivity

The rate at which heat diffuses through a material, equal to thermal conductivity divided by the product of density and specific heat capacity, expressed in m^2/s. Very low for aerogels, reflecting their insulating behaviour
A material property quantity representing the rate of thermal diffusion through a material (thermal conductivity / (density × specific heat capacity)); expressed as an om:Measure with unit m²/s
has super-classes
Thermal diffusivity c
is in range of
has thermal diffusivity op

Thermal expansion coefficientc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalExpansionCoefficient

The fractional change in length (linear) per unit change in temperature at constant pressure, expressed in K^-1. OM-2 defines no dedicated class, so this quantity is placed directly under om:Quantity with a reciprocal-kelvin canonical unit
A material property quantity representing the linear coefficient of thermal expansion, i.e. the relative change in a material's length per unit temperature change at constant pressure; expressed as an om:Measure with unit K⁻¹
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has thermal expansion coefficient op

Thermal insulationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalInsulation

Use of a material to suppress heat transfer - building insulation, industrial piping, aerospace thermal protection; the dominant aerogel application
The application of a material as a barrier against heat transfer
has super-classes
Application c

Thermal treatmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermalTreatment

A high-temperature post-treatment of a dried gel or aerogel - pyrolysis/carbonisation, calcination, curing, sintering. Characterised by a temperature (om:Temperature or gmat:TemperatureProfile), a gmat:Duration, a gmat:HeatingRate, and a gas atmosphere (gmat:hasAtmosphere)
A creation process step in which a material is held at elevated temperature under a controlled atmosphere to transform its composition or structure
has super-classes
Creation process c
has sub-classes
Activation c, Calcination c, Curing c, Pyrolysis c, Sintering c, Temperature ramping c
is in domain of
has atmosphere op

Thermodynamic test equipmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ThermodynamicTestEquipment

Equipment for measurement of physical parameters (e.g., temperature, heat energy) in thermodynamic systems (isolated, closed, or open) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_instruments) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_system)
has super-classes
Equipment c
has sub-classes
Differential scanning calorimeter c, Thermogravimetric analyzer c

Thermogravimetric analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermogravimetricAnalysis

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Thermogravimetric analyzerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ThermogravimetricAnalyzer

A piece of equipment, consisting of a quartz or alumina chamber, a balance, a sample pan and a heating mechanism, which is used to record the mass of a sample as a function of increasing temperature (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0002121)
has super-classes
Thermodynamic test equipment c

Thermometerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Thermometer

An instrument that records and displays the temperature
has super-classes
Instrument c

Thermoplasticc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Thermoplastic

A plastic that can be deformed by heating in a certain temperature range (thermoplastic); this process is reversible and can be repeated as often as desired by cooling and reheating, as long as no thermal decomposition of the material occurs (https://thermoplasticcomposites.de/en/2023/01/23/the-world-of-plastics/)
has super-classes
Plastic c

Thermosetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/Thermoset

A plastic that retains its state and shape after curing, the process is irreversible due to cross-linked polymer chains (https://thermoplasticcomposites.de/en/2023/01/23/the-world-of-plastics/)
has super-classes
Plastic c

Thicknessc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Thickness

The smallest dimension of a flat object, usually a mean value of several measurements
has super-classes
Length c

Timec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Time

Time is a base quantity in the International System of Units and other systems of units. It is measured by numbers of repetitions of cyclical events.
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Duration c, Gelation time c

Time lagc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/TimeLag

A method commonly used to characterize gas separation membranes. It allows the determination of diffusion, permeability, and solubility coefficients from a single dynamic gas permeation experiment; for this experiment, a homogeneous membrane is exposed to a step increase in pressure at one side of the membrane (feed side) and the feed pressure remains constant, while the other side (permeate side) of the membrane remains under vacuum; the diffusion and permeability coefficients are then determined from the resulting permeate pressure-time curve; the solubility coefficient is the permeability coefficient divided by the diffusion coefficient (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118715)
has super-classes
Membrane performance for gases c

Titania aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TitaniaAerogel

An aerogel with a TiO2 network, typically from titanium isopropoxide; studied for photocatalysis
A metal oxide aerogel whose solid framework consists of titanium dioxide
has super-classes
Metal oxide aerogel c

Titanium isopropoxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TitaniumIsopropoxide

has super-classes
Metal alkoxide c
is also defined as
named individual

Transient hot wire methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TransientHotWire

Transient thermal conductivity measurement from the temperature rise of a line heat source embedded in the sample; includes the related transient plane source (Hot Disk) variant
A transient thermal conductivity measurement based on the temperature response of an embedded line or plane heat source
has super-classes
Thermal conductivity testing c

Transmission electron microscopec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/TransmissionElectronMicroscope

A piece of equipment which is used to produce an enlarged image of an electron transparent specimen using a finely focused (<10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50–150 kV under vacuum; the energies and intensities of the transmitted electrons are measured (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001099)
has super-classes
Microscope c

Transmittancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Transmittance

The fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation that passes through a material at a given wavelength. Transparent silica aerogels can exhibit > 90% transmittance in the visible range
A material property quantity representing the fraction of incident light transmitted through a material at a specified wavelength; expressed as an om:Measure with unit percent or dimensionless (0–1).
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has transmittance op

Triflexc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Triflex

A device for physisorption measurements, including pore size distribution and specific surface area analysis.
A physisorption analysis instrument used for specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements
has super-classes
Instrument c

Trimethoxymethylsilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MTMS

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Trimethylchlorosilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Trimethylchlorosilane

has super-classes
Silylation agent c
is also defined as
named individual

Two-step acid-base catalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TwoStepCatalysis

Two-stage acid-then-base catalysis route: an acid pre-hydrolysis step produces partially hydrolysed monomers; subsequent base addition (typically ammonium hydroxide or ammonium fluoride) triggers rapid condensation and gelation. Common route for MTMS and TEOS aerogels
A sol-gel route combining an acid pre-hydrolysis step with a subsequent base addition step that triggers rapid condensation and gelation; standard route for MTMS and BTMSE aerogel synthesis
has super-classes
Gelation c
is disjoint with
Acid-catalysed gelation c

Two-Step Catalysis Pathwayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TwoStepCatalysisPathway

A gelation pathway combining an acid pre-hydrolysis step with a subsequent base addition step; the standard pathway for MTMS and BTMSE-based aerogel synthesis.
has super-classes
Gelation pathway c

Ultimate tensile strengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/UltimateTensileStrength

The maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched before breaking (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength)
has super-classes
Quantity c
is in range of
has tensile strength op

unitc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Unit

A unit of measure is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law. It is used as a standard for measurement of the same quantity, where any other value of the quantity can be expressed as a simple multiple of the unit. For example, length is a quantity; the metre is a unit of length that represents a definite predetermined length. When we say 10 metre (or 10 m), we actually mean 10 times the definite predetermined length called "metre".
is in range of
has canonical unit ap, has unit op

Universal testing machinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/TensileTestMachine

Equipment for carrying out standardized tensile tests on a solid sample to determine its mechanical properties (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensile_testing#Equipment)
has super-classes
Mechanical testing equipment c

Ureac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Urea

has super-classes
Chemical entity c
is also defined as
named individual

Usagec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Usage

the beginning of utilizing an entity by an activity
has super-classes
Entity influence c, Instantaneous event c
is in range of
hadUsage op, qualifiedUsage op

Userc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/User

A person who is trained to use a specific device
has super-classes
Role c

Vacuum dryingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VacuumDrying

Drying method performed under reduced pressure to lower solvent boiling point and facilitate removal
A drying method performed under reduced pressure to lower the solvent boiling point and facilitate solvent removal
has super-classes
Drying c
is disjoint with
Ambient pressure drying c, Freeze drying c, Microwave drying c, Supercritical drying c

Vacuum pumpc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VacuumPump

Device for removing gas molecules from a sealed volume to create partial vacuum
A pump that removes gas molecules from a sealed volume to create a partial vacuum
has super-classes
Pump c
is disjoint with
Syringe Pump c

Vinyltrimethoxysilanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VTMS

has super-classes
Silicon alkoxide precursor c
is also defined as
named individual

Volumec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Volume

Volume is a measure of how much three-dimensional space any phenomenon occupies. It is a derived quantity in the International System of Units Volume is length to the power 3
has super-classes
Quantity c

Volume Ratioc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VolumeRatio

The ratio of volumes between two or more substances in a mixture or solution. Used to describe the proportions of reagents by volume (e.g., MTMS:MeOH = 1:10).
A process parameter representing the ratio of volumes between two or more substances in a mixture or solution
has super-classes
Process parameter c
is in domain of
has ratio component op
is disjoint with
Exchange ratio c, Molar Ratio c, pH condition c, Pressure profile c, Stirring rate c, Temperature profile c

Volumetric Flow Ratec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VolumetricFlowRate

Rate at which a volume of fluid flows through a system, typically measured in ml/h or L/min. Used to characterize pump speeds and fluid delivery rates in synthesis processes.
A quantity representing the volume of fluid passing through a system per unit time
has super-classes
Quantity c
is disjoint with
Density c, Duration c, Particle size c, Pore volume c, Surface area c

Washing cyclec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/WashingCycle

Individual iteration of solvent replacement during solvent exchange process
A single iteration of solvent replacement within a solvent exchange procedure
has super-classes
Sample preparation c

Waterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Water

Water (H2O), used as a reactant in hydrolysis reactions during sol-gel synthesis and as the liquid phase in hydrogels
The chemical substance H2O, serving as a reactant in hydrolysis reactions and as the pore liquid in hydrogels
has super-classes
Chemical entity c
has sub-classes
Deionized water c
is disjoint with
Acetone c, Alcohol c

Water fluxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/WaterFlux

The rate at which water permeates a membrane
has super-classes
Membrane performance for liquids c

Water permeability setupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/WaterPermeabilitySetup

Equipment to measure the permeability of water through a membrane
has super-classes
Liquid permeation equipment c

Water-to-silica ratioc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/WaterToSilicaRatio

The molar ratio of water to silicon alkoxide precursor (r = [H2O]/[Si]) used in sol preparation. Controls degree of hydrolysis; r < 4 gives incomplete hydrolysis for TEOS; higher r values favour fully hydrolysed sols
The molar ratio r = [H2O]/[Si] of water to silicon alkoxide precursor; governs the completeness of hydrolysis. Stoichiometric full hydrolysis of TEOS requires r = 4; r < 4 yields partially hydrolysed species; r >> 4 produces fully hydrolysed, more condensed networks
has super-classes
Molar Ratio c

Wet gelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/WetGel

A gel containing liquid within its porous network structure, formed after gelation and before drying. The liquid phase determines the specific type (hydrogel if water, alcogel if alcohol).
A gel whose pore network is filled with a liquid phase, existing after gelation and before drying
has super-classes
Gel c
has sub-classes
Alcogel c, Hydrogel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Ambigel c, Cryogel c, Xerogel c

X-ray diffractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/XRayDiffraction

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Xerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Xerogel

A dried gel with a collapsed or partially collapsed pore structure, formed when a wet gel is dried under ambient conditions causing capillary forces to shrink the network
A dried gel formed when a wet gel is dried under ambient conditions; capillary forces during liquid evaporation partially or fully collapse the pore network, resulting in a denser material than the corresponding aerogel
has super-classes
Gel c
is disjoint with
Aerogel c, Aerogel c, Ambigel c, Cryogel c, Wet gel c

XPS analysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/XPSAnalysis

has super-classes
Analysis c
is also defined as
named individual

Young's modulusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/YoungsModulus

The ratio of tensile (or uniaxial) stress to axial strain in the linear-elastic region of the stress-strain curve, expressed in Pa. Characterises the intrinsic stiffness of the aerogel solid network; typically 10^4-10^7 Pa for silica aerogels
The elastic modulus relating uniaxial stress to axial strain in the linear-elastic regime; equal to the slope of the initial linear portion of the stress-strain curve
has super-classes
Modulus of elasticity c
is in range of
has Young's modulus op

Zeta potential setupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/ZetaPotentialSetup

Equipment to measure Zeta potential (electrokinetic potential) in colloidal dispersions (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeta_potential)
has super-classes
Electric testing equipment c

Zirconia aerogelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ZirconiaAerogel

An aerogel with a ZrO2 network, typically from zirconium n-propoxide or ZrOCl2/epoxide routes; used in catalysis and high-temperature insulation
A metal oxide aerogel whose solid framework consists of zirconium dioxide
has super-classes
Metal oxide aerogel c

Zirconium n-propoxidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ZirconiumPropoxide

has super-classes
Metal alkoxide c
is also defined as
named individual

Object Properties

agentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#agent

The prov:agent property references an prov:Agent which influenced a resource. This property applies to an prov:AgentInfluence, which is given by a subproperty of prov:qualifiedInfluence from the influenced prov:Entity, prov:Activity or prov:Agent.
has domain
Agent influence c
has range
Agent c

characteristic ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052

a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence
has super-properties
top Object Property op
has sub-properties
role of op
is inverse of
has characteristic op

contained inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001018

The relation between a physical content and its container. A material entity B is contained in a material entity A if B is located in some cavity of A. (inverse of http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/property#AFX_0001048)
Is deprecated
true
has super-properties
top Object Property op
has domain
Material entity c
has range
Independent continuant c
is inverse of
contains op

containsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001019

The relation between a container and its physical content. A material entity a contains a material entity b if b is located in some cavity of a. (http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/property#AFX_0001048)
Is deprecated
true
is inverse of
contained in op

entityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#entity

This property behaves in spirit like rdf:object; it references the object of a prov:wasInfluencedBy triple.
has domain
Entity influence c
has range
Entity c

generatedop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#generated

prov:generated is one of few inverse property defined, to allow Activity-oriented assertions in addition to Entity-oriented assertions.
has domain
Activity c
has range
Entity c
is inverse of
wasGeneratedBy op

generates intermediateop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/generatesIntermediate

Links a process step (creation process or sample preparation step such as solvent exchange) to the intermediate product it generates
has super-properties
has output op
has sub-properties
has intermediate product op
has domain
Method c
has range
Substance c

hadRoleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadRole

prov:hadRole references the Role (i.e. the function of an entity with respect to an activity), in the context of an instantaneous usage, generation, association, start, and end.
has domain
Influence c
Association c or Instantaneous event c
has range
Role c

hadUsageop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadUsage

has range
Usage c

has activation energyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasActivationEnergy

Relates a substance or process (e.g. gelation kinetics) to an activation energy, expressed as a gmat:ActivationEnergy individual with an om:Measure value in kJ/mol
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has range
Activation energy c

has applicationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasApplication

Relates a material to an application it is intended for or demonstrated in (e.g. thermal insulation, adsorption, drug delivery)
has domain
Substance c
has range
Application c

has atmosphereop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasAtmosphere

Relates a thermal treatment step (pyrolysis, calcination, sintering) to the gas atmosphere in which it is performed, e.g. nitrogen, argon, air, or carbon dioxide
has super-properties
usesSubstance op
has domain
Thermal treatment c
has range
Substance c

has bulk densityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasBulkDensity

Relates a substance to its bulk (envelope) density, expressed as a gmat:BulkDensity individual with an om:Measure value in kg/m3
has super-properties
has density op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Bulk density c

has compressive modulusop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasCompressiveModulus

Relates a substance to its compressive (Young's) modulus, expressed as a gmat:CompressiveModulus individual with om:Measure value in kPa or MPa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Compressive modulus c

has compressive strengthop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasCompressiveStrength

Relates a substance to its maximum compressive strength, expressed as a gmat:CompressiveStrength individual with om:Measure value in kPa or MPa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Compressive strength c

has contact angleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasContactAngle

Relates a substance to its water contact angle, expressed as a gmat:ContactAngle individual with om:Measure value in degrees
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Contact angle c

has correlation lengthop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasCorrelationLength

Relates a substance to the correlation length (ξ, fractal upper cutoff / cluster size) of its network, expressed as a gmat:CorrelationLength individual with om:Measure value in metres (nm scale)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Correlation length c

has defectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasDefect

Relates an aerogel material to a structural or quality defect (a persisting defect state) observed in it. Sub-property of obo:RO_0000053 (bearer of), consistent with the other characteristic-linking properties.
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Aerogel c
has range
Aerogel defect c

has densityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasDensity

Relates a substance to its density, expressed as a gmat:Density individual with an om:Measure value in the canonical SI unit kg/m3 (g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3 is a common lab convention)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has sub-properties
has bulk density op, has skeletal density op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Density c

has flexural modulusop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasFlexuralModulus

Relates a substance to its flexural (bending) modulus, expressed as a gmat:FlexuralModulus individual with om:Measure value in Pa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Flexural modulus c

has flexural strengthop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasFlexuralStrength

Relates a substance to its flexural (bending) strength, expressed as a gmat:FlexuralStrength individual with om:Measure value in Pa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Flexural strength c

has fractal dimensionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasFractalDimension

Relates a substance to a fractal dimension (mass or surface), expressed as a gmat:FractalDimension individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value. Use gmat:hasMassFractalDimension or gmat:hasSurfaceFractalDimension for the specific type
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has sub-properties
has mass fractal dimension op, has surface fractal dimension op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Fractal dimension c

has gelation routeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasGelationRoute

Relates an aerogel synthesis to the mechanistic gelation pathway it follows (e.g. acid-catalysed sol-gel polymerisation, base-catalysed, two-step)
has domain
Aerogel synthesis c
has range
Gelation pathway c

has geometryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasGeometry

Relates a material entity to a description of its shape or geometric configuration
has domain
Substance c
has range
Geometry c

has heating rateop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasHeatingRate

Relates a thermal process step (drying, pyrolysis, temperature ramping) to its heating rate, expressed as a gmat:HeatingRate individual with an om:Measure value in K/min
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has range
Heating rate c

has inputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233

p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233) a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process (http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000230)
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
process c
is inverse of
input of op

has intermediate productop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasIntermediateProduct

Relates a sol formation step to the silanol intermediates generated during hydrolysis
has super-properties
generates intermediate op
has domain
Sol formation c
has range
Silanol c

has linear shrinkageop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasLinearShrinkage

Relates a substance to its linear shrinkage during drying, expressed as a gmat:Shrinkage individual with om:Measure value as a percentage
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Shrinkage c

has mass fractal dimensionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasMassFractalDimension

Relates a substance to its mass fractal dimension (Dm), expressed as a gmat:MassFractalDimension individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value (1-3)
has super-properties
has fractal dimension op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Mass fractal dimension c

has mass fractionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasMassFraction

Relates a substance (e.g. a composite aerogel or a sol) to a mass fraction such as fibre loading, solid content, or silica content, expressed as a gmat:MassFraction individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value (wt% or fraction)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Mass fraction c

has matrixop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasMatrix

Relates a composite aerogel to the continuous matrix material (e.g. the silica aerogel phase of a fibre-reinforced composite)
has domain
Composite aerogel c
has range
Substance c

has mean pore sizeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasMeanPoreSize

Relates a substance to its mean pore size (BJH), expressed as a gmat:MeanPoreSize individual with om:Measure value in nm
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Mean pore size c

has modelop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002615

a relation between an entity and its model (an artifact), which purports to represent the entity. (inverse of http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000632)

has outputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234

p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present in the same state at the beginning of p. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234) has output is a relation between an process and an entity, where the entity is present at the end of the process. (http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000229)
has super-properties
has participant op
has sub-properties
generates intermediate op
is inverse of
output of op

has partop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051

Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.

has characteristics: transitive

is inverse of
part of op

has participantop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057

a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
has sub-properties
has input op, has output op, has pH condition op, producesAerogel op, requiresEquipment op, transformsGel op, usesSubstance op
has domain
occurrent c
has range
continuant c
is inverse of
participates in op

has particle sizeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasParticleSize

Relates a substance to the characteristic size of its primary particles, expressed as a gmat:ParticleSize individual with an om:Measure value in nm
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Particle size c

has pH conditionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPHCondition

Relates a sol-gel process step (sol formation, gelation, aging) to the pH condition maintained during that step
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
Creation process c
has range
pH condition c

has Poisson ratioop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPoissonRatio

Relates a substance to its Poisson ratio, expressed as a gmat:PoissonRatio individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Poisson ratio c

has pore size distributionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPoreSizeDistribution

Relates a substance to its pore size distribution, expressed as a gmat:PoreSizeDistribution individual
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Pore size distribution c

has pore volumeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPoreVolume

Relates a substance to its total pore volume, expressed as a gmat:PoreVolume individual with an om:Measure value (typically cm3/g)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Pore volume c

has Porod exponentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPorodExponent

Relates a substance to the power-law (Porod) exponent of its scattering curve, expressed as a gmat:PorodExponent individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Porod exponent c

has porosityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPorosity

Relates a substance to its porosity, expressed as a gmat:Porosity individual with om:Measure value as a fraction or percentage
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Porosity c

has precursorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPrecursor

Links an aerogel or gel to its chemical precursor substance
has domain
Gel c
has range
Substance c

has pressureop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPressure

Relates a process step or substance to a pressure condition (e.g. autoclave pressure during supercritical drying, vacuum level), expressed as an om:Pressure individual with an om:Measure value in Pa or MPa. For process bearers, pmat:isParameterOf from the pressure to the process is the inverse-direction alternative
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has range
Pressure c

has ratio componentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasRatioComponent

Links a volume or molar ratio to the chemical substances it describes the proportion between
has domain
Molar Ratio c or Volume Ratio c
has range
Substance c

has reinforcementop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasReinforcement

Relates a composite aerogel to the reinforcing or filler phase embedded in its matrix (e.g. glass fibre, cellulose fibre, graphene oxide)
has domain
Composite aerogel c
has range
Substance c

has roleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087

a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Independent continuant c
has range
Role c
is inverse of
role of op

has role in modelingop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003301

a relation between a biological, experimental, or computational artifact and an entity it is used to study, in virtue of its replicating or approximating features of the studied entity

has silylation agentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSilylationAgent

Relates a surface modification step to the silylating agent applied (e.g. TMCS, HMDS) to render the gel surface hydrophobic before ambient pressure drying
has super-properties
usesSubstance op
has domain
Surface modification c
has range
Silylation agent c

has skeletal densityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSkeletalDensity

Relates a substance to its skeletal (helium pycnometry) density, expressed as a gmat:SkeletalDensity individual with an om:Measure value in kg/m3
has super-properties
has density op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Skeletal density c

has sol concentrationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSolConcentration

Relates a sol (or a synthesis described through it) to the precursor concentration in the sol, expressed as a gmat:SolConcentration individual with an om:Measure value (mol/L or wt%)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Sol concentration c

has specific heat capacityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSpecificHeatCapacity

Relates a substance to its specific heat capacity, expressed as a gmat:SpecificHeatCapacity individual with om:Measure value in J/(kg.K)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Specific heat capacity c

has surface areaop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSurfaceArea

Relates a substance to its BET-determined specific surface area, expressed as a gmat:SurfaceArea individual with an om:Measure value in m2/g
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Surface area c

has surface fractal dimensionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasSurfaceFractalDimension

Relates a substance to its surface fractal dimension (Ds), expressed as a gmat:SurfaceFractalDimension individual with a dimensionless om:Measure value (2-3)
has super-properties
has fractal dimension op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Surface fractal dimension c

has tensile strengthop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasTensileStrength

Relates a substance to its ultimate tensile strength, expressed as a pmat:UltimateTensileStrength individual with om:Measure value in Pa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Ultimate tensile strength c

has thermal conductivityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasThermalConductivity

Relates a substance to its thermal conductivity, expressed as a gmat:ThermalConductivity individual with om:Measure value in W/(m.K)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Thermal conductivity c

has thermal diffusivityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasThermalDiffusivity

Relates a substance to its thermal diffusivity, expressed as a gmat:ThermalDiffusivity individual with om:Measure value in m^2/s
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Thermal diffusivity c

has thermal expansion coefficientop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasThermalExpansionCoefficient

Relates a substance to its linear coefficient of thermal expansion, expressed as a gmat:ThermalExpansionCoefficient individual with om:Measure value in K^-1
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Thermal expansion coefficient c

has transmittanceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasTransmittance

Relates a substance to its optical transmittance, expressed as a gmat:Transmittance individual with om:Measure value as percentage (0-100)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Transmittance c

has unitop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/hasUnit

has characteristics: functional

has domain
measure c
has range
unit c

has valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/hasValue

has domain
Quantity c
has range
measure c or point c

has Young's modulusop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasYoungsModulus

Relates a substance to its Young's (elastic) modulus, expressed as a gmat:YoungsModulus individual with om:Measure value in Pa
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Young's modulus c

input ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002352

c is input of p iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. (inverse of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233)
has super-properties
participates in op
is inverse of
has input op

is aerogel product ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/isAerogelProductOf

has super-properties
wasProducedBy op
has domain
Aerogel c
has range
Drying c
is inverse of
producesAerogel op

is basis for realizableop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004018

A is basis for realizable B, if B could not exist without the existence of A.
has super-properties
top Object Property op
is inverse of
realizable has basis in op

is parameter ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/isParameterOf

Relates a quantity or process feature (temperature, duration, pH) to the process it characterises. Preferred over obo:RO_0000052 when the bearer is a process rather than a material entity. Range is BFO occurrent (BFO_0000003) rather than BFO process (BFO_0000015) because process steps are pmat:Method (under pmat:Procedure, a prov:Entity) while BFO_0000015 maps to prov:Activity, which PROV-O declares disjoint from prov:Entity — a BFO_0000015 range would make every class with an isParameterOf existential unsatisfiable
has domain
Feature c
has range
occurrent c

located inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001025

a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
has domain
Independent continuant c
Independent continuant c and (not (spatial region c))
has range
Independent continuant c
Independent continuant c and (not (spatial region c))
is inverse of
location of op

location ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001015

a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
is inverse of
located in op

measured byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/measuredBy

Relates a measured quantity to the characterisation method (analysis) that produced it, e.g. a surface area value measuredBy a BET analysis. Dedicated shortcut for the common query pattern; prov:wasGeneratedBy remains available for full provenance chains
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Analysis c

output ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353

c is output of p iff: c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present in the same state at the beginning of p. (inverse of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234)
has super-properties
participates in op
is inverse of
has output op

part ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050

Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
is inverse of
has part op

participates inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056

a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
has sub-properties
input of op, output of op, wasProducedBy op
has domain
continuant c
has range
occurrent c
is inverse of
has participant op

producesAerogelop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/producesAerogel

Relates a drying process to the aerogel material that results from it (covers supercritical, ambient pressure, freeze, and vacuum drying routes)
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
Drying c
has range
Aerogel c
is inverse of
is aerogel product of op

qualifiedAssociationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation

If this Activity prov:wasAssociatedWith Agent :ag, then it can qualify the Association using prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].
has super-properties
top Object Property op
has domain
Activity c
has range
Association c

qualifiedAttributionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAttribution

If this Entity prov:wasAttributedTo Agent :ag, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].
has super-properties
top Object Property op
has domain
Entity c
has range
Attribution c

qualifiedUsageop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedUsage

If this Activity prov:used Entity :e, then it can qualify how it used it using prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
has super-properties
top Object Property op
has domain
Activity c
has range
Usage c

realised asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/realisedAs

Relates a mechanistic GelationPathway (a Feature) to the Gelation process that realises it. For example, a TwoStepAcidBaseCatalysisPathway is realisedAs a TwoStepCatalysis gelation process
has domain
Gelation pathway c
has range
Gelation c

realizable has basis inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004017

realizable B has basis in A, if B could not exist without the existence of A. inverse of "is basis for realizable".
has super-properties
top Object Property op
is inverse of
is basis for realizable op

realizes protocolop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/realizesProtocol

Links a concrete executed procedure (an occurrent) to the SynthesisProtocol (plan specification / recipe) it carries out. Separates the executed run from the reusable recipe it follows. Domain is pmat:Procedure rather than BFO process (BFO_0000015) to stay compatible with Polymat's BFO_0000015-to-prov:Activity mapping.
has domain
Procedure c
has range
Synthesis protocol c

requiresEquipmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/requiresEquipment

Relates a laboratory method or procedure to equipment that is necessary to perform that method
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
Method c or Procedure c
has range
Device c

role ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000081

a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has super-properties
characteristic of op
is inverse of
has role op

transformsGelop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/transformsGel

Relates a sample preparation process (like solvent exchange) to the gel material it transforms
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
Sample preparation c
has range
Gel c

usedop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#used

A prov:Entity that was used by this prov:Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon, :egg, :oven .
has domain
Activity c
has range
Entity c

uses operating systemop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/usesOperatingSystem

uses the low-level software which handles the interface to peripheral hardware, schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user when no application program is running (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C47908)
has domain
Software c
has range
Operating system c

uses runtime environmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/usesRuntimeEnvironment

uses a sub-system that exists both in the computer where a program is created, as well as in the computers where the program is intended to be run. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runtime_system)
has domain
Software c
has range
Runtime environment c

usesCrosslinkerop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/usesCrosslinker

Relates gelation process to crosslinking agents used to form network structure
has super-properties
usesSubstance op
has domain
Gelation c
has range
Crosslinker c

usesSubstanceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/usesSubstance

Relates a process (creation/synthesis step or sample preparation step such as solvent exchange or drying) to chemical substances used as reactants, catalysts, solvents, or exchange media
has super-properties
has participant op
has sub-properties
has atmosphere op, has silylation agent op, usesCrosslinker op, usesSupercriticalFluid op
has domain
Method c
has range
Substance c

usesSupercriticalFluidop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/usesSupercriticalFluid

Relates supercritical drying process to the supercritical fluid used (typically CO2)
has super-properties
usesSubstance op
has domain
Supercritical drying c
has range
Supercritical fluid c

wasAssociatedWithop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith

An prov:Agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurrence of this prov:Activity.
has domain
Activity c
has range
Agent c

wasAttributedToop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo

Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.
has domain
Entity c
has range
Agent c

wasDerivedFromop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom

A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
has domain
Entity c
has range
Entity c

wasGeneratedByop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy

has domain
Entity c
has range
Activity c
is inverse of
generated op

wasProducedByop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/wasProducedBy

Relates a substance to the creation process that produced it
has super-properties
participates in op
has sub-properties
is aerogel product of op
has domain
Substance c
has range
Creation process c

Data Properties

has acronymdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasAcronym

An acronym is used to represent long complex compounds
has range
string

has aging timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasAgingTime

DEPRECATED: unit-less float shortcut. Model the aging duration as a gmat:Duration (om:Time) instance linked to the gmat:Aging process with pmat:isParameterOf, carrying an om:Measure (om:hasNumericalValue + om:hasUnit) via om:hasValue. The duration of the aging step after gelation, typically measured in hours
Is deprecated
true
has domain
Aging c
has range
float

has CAS nrdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasCASNr

Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number is a unique identifier assigned to every chemical substance to provide a standardised way of referencing and identifying it
has super-properties
has ID dp
has domain
Monomer c or Polymer c or Substance c
has range
string

has exchange countdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasExchangeCount

Number of individual solvent exchange (washing) cycles performed to replace the pore liquid
has domain
Solvent exchange c
has range
integer

has fractal dimension valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasFractalDimensionValue

The numeric value of the mass fractal dimension of an aerogel network, dimensionless. Typical range for silica aerogels: 1.7-2.4 (from SAXS/SANS)
has domain
Fractal dimension c
has range

has gel timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasGelTime

DEPRECATED: domain error (gel time is a process property, not a material property). Use gmat:hasGelationTimeValue on gmat:Gelation instead. The time duration for sol-gel transition, measured in minutes from when catalysts are mixed until the gel network forms
Is deprecated
true
has domain
Gel c
has range
float

has gelation time valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasGelationTimeValue

DEPRECATED: unit-less float shortcut. Model the gel time as a gmat:GelationTime (om:Time) instance linked to the gmat:Gelation process with pmat:isParameterOf, carrying an om:Measure (om:hasNumericalValue + om:hasUnit) via om:hasValue. Observed gel time from initiation of gelation (e.g. mixing of catalyst) to the gel point, typically in minutes
Is deprecated
true
has domain
Gelation c
has range
float

has IDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasID

An Identifier (ID) is one or more characters used to identify, name, or characterize the nature, properties, or contents of a thing. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25364)
has sub-properties
has CAS nr dp, has order number dp, has product ID dp
has range
string

has IUPAC namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasIUPACName

IUPAC name is a name of a chemical compound according to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature
has domain
Monomer c or Polymer c or Substance c
has range
string

has molar ratiodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasMolarRatio

DEPRECATED: machine-unreadable string representation. Use gmat:MolarRatio class with gmat:hasRatioComponent and gmat:WaterToSilicaRatio instead. The molar ratio of reactants in the synthesis (e.g., 'TEOS:H2O:Catalyst = 1:4:0.01')
Is deprecated
true
has domain
Aerogel synthesis c
has range
string

has network connectivity valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasNetworkConnectivityValue

Average number of siloxane bonds per network node, as determined by solid-state 29Si NMR (Q2/Q3/Q4 species ratios). Higher values indicate more cross-linked, stiffer networks
has domain
Network connectivity c
has range
float

has numerical valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/hasNumericalValue

A numerical value is the size of a particular quantity expressed numerically. (https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=numerical+value)
has domain
measure c

has order numberdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasOrderNumber

An order number is a reference number assigned to an experiment when it is submitted for processing.
has super-properties
has ID dp
has domain
Experiment request submission c
has range
string

has pathdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasPath

A path represents the location or address of a file or directory within the file system hierarchy.
has domain
Digital data c
has range
string

has pH valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasPHValue

The numeric pH value maintained during a sol-gel process step (typically 1.5-3 for acid catalysis, 7.5-10 for base catalysis). Range restricted to 0.0-14.0
has domain
pH condition c
has range

has product IDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasProductID

A product ID is a permanent, unique identifier assigned to a product by its producer. (https://ode.rsl.wustl.edu/mars/pagehelp/Content/Frequently_Asked_Questions/Product_ID.htm?Highlight=Product%20ID)
has super-properties
has ID dp
has range
string

has ratio stringdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/hasRatioString

The display/legacy string representation of a molar or volume ratio between components (e.g. '1:10', '1:10:4:4', or '59.75'). For numeric querying, single-valued ratios additionally carry om:hasNumericalValue (xsd:double) with om:hasUnit om:one, using the convention that a two-part ratio a:b has numerical value a/b. Multi-component ratios (e.g. '1:10:4:4') have no single numerical value and are represented by this string only.
has domain
Ratio Value c
has range
string

has request submission typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasRequestSubmissionType

A request submission type is an experiment submission type description, e.g. synthesis, fabrication, analysis.
has domain
Experiment request submission c
has range
string

has versiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/hasVersion

A version is a specific release of a software system, application, library or any other piece of software
has domain
Software c
has range
string

submission ended atdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/submissionEndedAt

end time and date of a given experiment submission
has domain
Experiment request submission c
has range
date Time

submission started atdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/polymat/submissionStartedAt

start time and date of a given experiment submission
has domain
Experiment request submission c
has range
date Time

Named Individuals

(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/APTES

has facts
has acronym dp "APTES"
has CAS nr dp "919-30-2"
has IUPAC name dp "3-triethoxysilylpropan-1-amine"
is also defined as
class

(3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GPTMS

has facts
has acronym dp "GPTMS"
has CAS nr dp "2530-83-8"
has IUPAC name dp "trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane"
is also defined as
class

1,2-Bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/BTMSE

has facts
has acronym dp "BTMSE"
has CAS nr dp "18406-41-2"
has IUPAC name dp "1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane"
is also defined as
class

Acetic acidni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AceticAcid

has facts
has CAS nr dp "64-19-7"
has IUPAC name dp "acetic acid"
is also defined as
class

Alginateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Alginate

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9005-38-3"
is also defined as
class

Aluminium sec-butoxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/AluminiumSecButoxide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "2269-22-9"
is also defined as
class

Argonni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Argon

has facts
has CAS nr dp "7440-37-1"
is also defined as
class

Carbon dioxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonDioxide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "124-38-9"
is also defined as
class

Carbon nanotubeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CarbonNanotube

has facts
has acronym dp "CNT"
is also defined as
class

Celluloseni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Cellulose

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9004-34-6"
is also defined as
class

Chitosanni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Chitosan

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9012-76-4"
is also defined as
class

Citric acidni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/CitricAcid

has facts
has CAS nr dp "77-92-9"
has IUPAC name dp "2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid"
is also defined as
class

Deionized waterni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DeionizedWater

has facts
has acronym dp "DI water"
is also defined as
class

Differential scanning calorimetryni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/DifferentialScanningCalorimetry

has facts
has acronym dp "DSC"
is also defined as
class

Dimethylformamideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Dimethylformamide

has facts
has acronym dp "DMF"
has CAS nr dp "68-12-2"
has IUPAC name dp "N,N-dimethylformamide"
is also defined as
class

EDX analysisni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/EDXAnalysis

has facts
has acronym dp "EDX"
is also defined as
class

Ethanolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Ethanol

is disjoint with
Methanol ni
has facts
has acronym dp "EtOH"
is also defined as
class

Formaldehydeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Formaldehyde

has facts
has CAS nr dp "50-00-0"
has IUPAC name dp "formaldehyde"
is also defined as
class

Formamideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Formamide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "75-12-7"
has IUPAC name dp "formamide"
is also defined as
class

FTIR spectroscopyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/FTIRSpectroscopy

has facts
has acronym dp "FTIR"
is also defined as
class

Furfuralni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Furfural

has facts
has CAS nr dp "98-01-1"
has IUPAC name dp "furan-2-carbaldehyde"
is also defined as
class

Gelatinni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Gelatin

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9000-70-8"
is also defined as
class

Gelmatni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/

has facts
wasDerivedFrom op polymat: ni

Glycerolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Glycerol

has facts
has CAS nr dp "56-81-5"
has IUPAC name dp "propane-1,2,3-triol"
is also defined as
class

Graphene oxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/GrapheneOxide

has facts
has acronym dp "GO"
is also defined as
class

Hexamethyldisilazaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hexamethyldisilazane

has facts
has acronym dp "HMDS"
has CAS nr dp "999-97-3"
has IUPAC name dp "N-trimethylsilyl-1,1,1-trimethylsilanamine"
is also defined as
class

Hydrofluoric acidni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/HydrofluoricAcid

has facts
has CAS nr dp "7664-39-3"
has IUPAC name dp "hydrogen fluoride"
is also defined as
class

Isopropanolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Isopropanol

has facts
has acronym dp "IPA"
has CAS nr dp "67-63-0"
has IUPAC name dp "propan-2-ol"
is also defined as
class

Laser flash analysisni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/LaserFlash

has facts
has acronym dp "LFA"
is also defined as
class

Ligninni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Lignin

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9005-53-2"
is also defined as
class

Melamineni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Melamine

has facts
has CAS nr dp "108-78-1"
has IUPAC name dp "1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine"
is also defined as
class

Mercury intrusion porosimetryni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MercuryIntrusionPorosimetry

has facts
has acronym dp "MIP"
is also defined as
class

Methanolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Methanol

is disjoint with
Ethanol ni
has facts
has acronym dp "MeOH"
is also defined as
class

Methyltriethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MTES

has facts
has acronym dp "MTES"
has CAS nr dp "2031-67-6"
has IUPAC name dp "triethoxy(methyl)silane"
is also defined as
class

n-Heptaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Heptane

has facts
has CAS nr dp "142-82-5"
has IUPAC name dp "heptane"
is also defined as
class

n-Hexaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Hexane

has facts
has CAS nr dp "110-54-3"
has IUPAC name dp "hexane"
is also defined as
class

Nanocelluloseni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Nanocellulose

has facts
has acronym dp "CNF"
is also defined as
class

Nitric acidni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/NitricAcid

has facts
has CAS nr dp "7697-37-2"
has IUPAC name dp "nitric acid"
is also defined as
class

Nitrogenni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Nitrogen

has facts
has CAS nr dp "7727-37-9"
is also defined as
class

Oxalic acidni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/OxalicAcid

has facts
has CAS nr dp "144-62-7"
has IUPAC name dp "oxalic acid"
is also defined as
class

Pectinni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Pectin

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9000-69-5"
is also defined as
class

Phenolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Phenol

has facts
has CAS nr dp "108-95-2"
has IUPAC name dp "phenol"
is also defined as
class

Polyethoxydisiloxaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/PEDS

has facts
has acronym dp "PEDS"
is also defined as
class

Resorcinolni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Resorcinol

has facts
has CAS nr dp "108-46-3"
has IUPAC name dp "benzene-1,3-diol"
is also defined as
class

Small-angle neutron scatteringni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SANS

has facts
has acronym dp "SANS"
is also defined as
class

Small-angle X-ray scatteringni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SAXS

has facts
has acronym dp "SAXS"
is also defined as
class

Sodium carbonateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumCarbonate

has facts
has CAS nr dp "497-19-8"
has IUPAC name dp "disodium carbonate"
is also defined as
class

Sodium hydroxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumHydroxide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "1310-73-2"
has IUPAC name dp "sodium hydroxide"
is also defined as
class

Sodium silicateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SodiumSilicate

has facts
has CAS nr dp "1344-09-8"
is also defined as
class

Starchni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Starch

has facts
has CAS nr dp "9005-25-8"
is also defined as
class

Supercritical CO2ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/SupercriticalCO2

is disjoint with
Supercritical ethanol c
has facts
has acronym dp "scCO2"
is also defined as
class

Tanninni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Tannin

has facts
has CAS nr dp "1401-55-4"
is also defined as
class

TEM imagingni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TEMImaging

has facts
has acronym dp "TEM"
is also defined as
class

Tetraethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Tetraethoxysilane

has facts
has acronym dp "TEOS"
has CAS nr dp "78-10-4"
is also defined as
class

Tetramethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TMOS

has facts
has acronym dp "TMOS"
has CAS nr dp "681-84-5"
has IUPAC name dp "tetramethyl orthosilicate"
is also defined as
class

Thermogravimetric analysisni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ThermogravimetricAnalysis

has facts
has acronym dp "TGA"
is also defined as
class

Titanium isopropoxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/TitaniumIsopropoxide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "546-68-9"
is also defined as
class

Trimethoxymethylsilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/MTMS

has facts
has acronym dp "MTMS"
has CAS nr dp "1185-55-3"
has IUPAC name dp "trimethoxy(methyl)silane"
is also defined as
class

Trimethylchlorosilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Trimethylchlorosilane

has facts
has acronym dp "TMCS"
has CAS nr dp "75-77-4"
has IUPAC name dp "chloro(trimethyl)silane"
is also defined as
class

Ureani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/Urea

has facts
has CAS nr dp "57-13-6"
has IUPAC name dp "urea"
is also defined as
class

Vinyltrimethoxysilaneni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/VTMS

has facts
has acronym dp "VTMS"
has CAS nr dp "2768-02-7"
has IUPAC name dp "ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane"
is also defined as
class

X-ray diffractionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/XRayDiffraction

has facts
has acronym dp "XRD"
is also defined as
class

XPS analysisni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/XPSAnalysis

has facts
has acronym dp "XPS"
is also defined as
class

Zirconium n-propoxideni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/gelmat/ZirconiumPropoxide

has facts
has CAS nr dp "23519-77-9"
is also defined as
class

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.